Title |
Cancer risk assessment of ethyl carbamate in alcoholic beverages from Brazil with special consideration to the spirits cachaça and tiquira
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Published in |
BMC Cancer, June 2010
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DOI | 10.1186/1471-2407-10-266 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Dirk W Lachenmeier, Maria CP Lima, Ian CC Nóbrega, José AP Pereira, Florence Kerr-Corrêa, Fotis Kanteres, Jürgen Rehm |
Abstract |
Ethyl carbamate (EC) is a multi-site carcinogen in experimental animals and probably carcinogenic to humans (IARC group 2A). Traces of EC below health-relevant ranges naturally occur in several fermented foods and beverages, while higher concentrations above 1 mg/l are regularly detected in only certain spirits derived from cyanogenic plants. In Brazil this concerns the sugarcane spirit cachaça and the manioc (cassava) spirit tiquira, which both regularly exceed the national EC limit of 0.15 mg/l. This study aims to estimate human exposure in Brazil and provide a quantitative risk assessment. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Germany | 1 | 33% |
Brazil | 1 | 33% |
Unknown | 1 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 1 | 33% |
Scientists | 1 | 33% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Germany | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 92 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 17 | 18% |
Student > Master | 14 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 12 | 13% |
Student > Postgraduate | 8 | 9% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 6 | 6% |
Other | 13 | 14% |
Unknown | 23 | 25% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 15 | 16% |
Chemistry | 9 | 10% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 8 | 9% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 8 | 9% |
Social Sciences | 6 | 6% |
Other | 20 | 22% |
Unknown | 27 | 29% |