Title |
Clade C HIV-1 isolates circulating in Southern Africa exhibit a greater frequency of dicysteine motif-containing Tat variants than those in Southeast Asia and cause increased neurovirulence
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Published in |
Retrovirology, June 2013
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DOI | 10.1186/1742-4690-10-61 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Vasudev R Rao, Ujjwal Neogi, Joshua S Talboom, Ligia Padilla, Mustafizur Rahman, Cari Fritz-French, Sandra Gonzalez-Ramirez, Anjali Verma, Charles Wood, Ruth M Ruprecht, Udaykumar Ranga, Tasnim Azim, John Joska, Eliseo Eugenin, Anita Shet, Heather Bimonte-Nelson, William R Tyor, Vinayaka R Prasad |
Abstract |
HIV-1 Clade C (Subtype C; HIV-1C) is responsible for greater than 50% of infections worldwide. Unlike clade B HIV-1 (Subtype B; HIV-1B), which is known to cause HIV associated dementia (HAD) in approximately 15% to 30% of the infected individuals, HIV-1C has been linked with lower prevalence of HAD (0 to 6%) in India and Ethiopia. However, recent studies report a higher prevalence of HAD in South Africa, Zambia and Botswana, where HIV-1C infections predominate. Therefore, we examined whether Southern African HIV-1C is genetically distinct and investigated its neurovirulence. HIV-1 Tat protein is a viral determinant of neurocognitive dysfunction. Therefore, we focused our study on the variations seen in tat gene and its contribution to HIV associated neuropathogenesis. |
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