Title |
Enriched environment and masticatory activity rehabilitation recover spatial memory decline in aged mice
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Published in |
BMC Neuroscience, June 2013
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DOI | 10.1186/1471-2202-14-63 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Fabíola de Carvalho Chaves de Siqueira Mendes, Marina Negrão Frota de Almeida, André Pinheiro Gurgel Felício, Ana Carla Fadel, Diego de Jesus Silva, Thaíssa Gomes Borralho, Rodrigo Perez da Silva, João Bento-Torres, Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos, Victor Hugh Perry, Edson Marcos Leal Soares Ramos, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço-Diniz, Marcia Consentino Kronka Sosthenes |
Abstract |
To measure the impact of masticatory reduction on learning and memory, previous studies have produced experimental masticatory reduction by modified diet or molar removal. Here we induced spatial learning impairment in mice by reducing masticatory activity and then tested the effect of a combination of environmental enrichment and masticatory rehabilitation in recovering spatial learning at adulthood and in later life. For 6 months (6M) or 18 months (18M), we fed three groups of mice from postnatal day 21 respectively with a hard diet (HD) of pellets; pellets followed by a powdered, soft diet (HD/SD, divided into equal periods); or pellets followed by powder, followed by pellets again (HD/SD/HD, divided into equal periods). To mimic sedentary or active lifestyles, half of the animals from each group were raised from weaning in standard cages (impoverished environment; IE) and the other half in enriched cages (enriched environment; EE). To evaluate spatial learning, we used the Morris water maze. |
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