Title |
Offspring pay sooner, parents pay later: experimental manipulation of body mass reveals trade-offs between immune function, reproduction and survival
|
---|---|
Published in |
Frontiers in Zoology, December 2013
|
DOI | 10.1186/1742-9994-10-77 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Arne Hegemann, Kevin D Matson, Heiner Flinks, B Irene Tieleman |
Abstract |
Life-history theory predicts that organisms trade off survival against reproduction. However, the time scales on which various consequences become evident and the physiology mediating the cost of reproduction remain poorly understood. Yet, explaining not only which mechanisms mediate this trade-off, but also how fast or slow the mechanisms act, is crucial for an improved understanding of life-history evolution. We investigated three time scales on which an experimental increase in body mass could affect this trade-off: within broods, within season and between years. We handicapped adult skylarks (Alauda arvensis) by attaching extra weight during first broods to both adults of a pair. We measured body mass, immune function and return rates in these birds. We also measured nest success, feeding rates, diet composition, nestling size, nestling immune function and recruitment rates. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Netherlands | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 2 | 2% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Portugal | 1 | <1% |
Argentina | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 100 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 24 | 23% |
Student > Master | 17 | 16% |
Researcher | 17 | 16% |
Student > Bachelor | 10 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 5% |
Other | 12 | 11% |
Unknown | 20 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 57 | 54% |
Environmental Science | 10 | 10% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 3% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 2 | 2% |
Neuroscience | 2 | 2% |
Other | 5 | 5% |
Unknown | 26 | 25% |