Title |
The dose-response relationship between tobacco smoking and the risk of lymphomas: a case-control study
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Published in |
BMC Cancer, June 2017
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DOI | 10.1186/s12885-017-3414-2 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Martina Taborelli, Maurizio Montella, Massimo Libra, Rosamaria Tedeschi, Anna Crispo, Maria Grimaldi, Luigino Dal Maso, Diego Serraino, Jerry Polesel |
Abstract |
Previous studies have provided limited support to the association between tobacco smoking and lymphomas with weak evidence of a dose-response relationship. We investigated the relationship between tobacco smoking and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphomas (HL) through logistic regression spline models. Data were derived from an Italian hospital-based case-control study (1999-2014), which enrolled 571 NHLs, 188 HLs, and 1004 cancer-free controls. Smoking habits and other lifestyle factors were assessed through a validated questionnaire. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders. Compared to never smokers, people smoking ≥15 cigarettes/day showed increased risks of both NHL (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.97) and HL (OR = 2.47, 95% CI: 1.25, 4.87); the risk was particularly elevated for follicular NHL (OR = 2.43; 95% CI:1.31-4.51) and mixed cellularity HL (OR = 5.60, 95% CI: 1.31, 23.97). No excess risk emerged for former smokers or people smoking <15 cigarettes/day. Spline analyses showed a positive dose-response relationship with significant increases in NHL and HL risks starting from 15 and 21 cigarettes/day, respectively, with the most evident effects for follicular NHL and mixed cellularity HL. Smoking duration was significantly associated with the HL risk only (OR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.16, 3.99). These findings support a role of tobacco smoking in the etiology of both NHL and HL, providing evidence of a direct association of risk with smoking intensity. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 37 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Researcher | 5 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 4 | 11% |
Student > Postgraduate | 3 | 8% |
Other | 2 | 5% |
Student > Master | 2 | 5% |
Other | 3 | 8% |
Unknown | 18 | 49% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 9 | 24% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 3 | 8% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 5% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 1 | 3% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 1 | 3% |
Other | 0 | 0% |
Unknown | 21 | 57% |