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Salivary diagnostic markers in males and females during rest and exercise

Overview of attention for article published in Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, April 2022
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  • Above-average Attention Score compared to outputs of the same age (54th percentile)

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Title
Salivary diagnostic markers in males and females during rest and exercise
Published in
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, April 2022
DOI 10.1186/s12970-017-0185-8
Pubmed ID
Authors

Kay Rutherfurd-Markwick, Carlene Starck, Deborah K. Dulson, Ajmol Ali

Abstract

Saliva is a useful diagnostic tool for analysis in sports, exercise and nutrition research, as collection is easy and non-invasive and it contains a large number of analytes affected by a range of physiological and pathological stressors and conditions. This study examined key salivary electrolytes and stress and immune markers in males and females at rest and during exercise. Unstimulated whole saliva from 20 healthy, recreationally active participants (8 males and 12 females) was analysed for flow rate, osmolality, sodium (Na(+)), potassium (K(+)), chloride (Cl(-)), secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), α-amylase activity and cortisol during both rest and moderate intensity (70% peak power) cycling exercise in a randomised crossover design. Each trial lasted 60 min and sampling was carried out at 15 and 45 min after the start of the trial. Saliva was collected using the gold-standard drool method; participants were required to provide at least 1 mL sample over 2 or 3-min period. Females showed a greater response to steady-state exercise stress than males, with significant increases in osmolality (P < 0.001), α-amylase activity (P = 0.001) and secretion rate (P = 0.023) and SIgA secretion rate (P = 0.023), with trends for an increase in K(+) (P = 0.053) and decrease in Cl- (P = 0.067). There were no differences between rest and exercise for any salivary analytes in males. In addition, females showed a trend for higher levels of cortisol than males at both rest (P = 0.099) and exercise (P = 0.070), as well as a higher heart rate (P < 0.001) and greater ratings of perceived exertion (P < 0.001) during the exercise trial. The coordination of the two stress response pathways (α-amylase vs cortisol) was positive in males (r = 0.799; P = 0.017) yet negative in females (r = -0.475; P = 0.036). Males and females show a markedly different response to steady-state exercise stress as measured in unstimulated whole saliva.

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The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 4 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 175 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 175 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Master 22 13%
Student > Ph. D. Student 21 12%
Student > Bachelor 19 11%
Researcher 18 10%
Student > Doctoral Student 11 6%
Other 32 18%
Unknown 52 30%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Sports and Recreations 33 19%
Medicine and Dentistry 31 18%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 14 8%
Nursing and Health Professions 14 8%
Psychology 6 3%
Other 25 14%
Unknown 52 30%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 06 December 2017.
All research outputs
#13,753,003
of 23,316,003 outputs
Outputs from Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
#736
of 892 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#191,801
of 442,679 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
#698
of 851 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,316,003 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 39th percentile – i.e., 39% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 892 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 59.0. This one is in the 16th percentile – i.e., 16% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 442,679 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 54% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 851 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 16th percentile – i.e., 16% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.