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Acute Penicillium marneffei infection stimulates host M1/M2a macrophages polarization in BALB/C mice

Overview of attention for article published in BMC Microbiology, August 2017
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Title
Acute Penicillium marneffei infection stimulates host M1/M2a macrophages polarization in BALB/C mice
Published in
BMC Microbiology, August 2017
DOI 10.1186/s12866-017-1086-3
Pubmed ID
Authors

Xiaoying Dai, Congzheng Mao, Xiuwan Lan, Huan Chen, Meihua Li, Jing Bai, Jingmin Deng, Qiuli Liang, Jianquan Zhang, Xiaoning Zhong, Yi Liang, Jiangtao Fan, Honglin Luo, Zhiyi He

Abstract

Penicillium marneffei (P. marneffei) is a thermally dimorphic fungus pathogen that causes fatal infection. Alveolar macrophages are innate immune cells that have critical roles in protection against pulmonary fungal pathogens and the macrophage polarization state has the potential to be a deciding factor in disease progression or resolution. The aim of this study was to investigate mouse alveolar macrophage polarization states during P. marneffei infection. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assays, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and Griess, arginase activity to evaluate the phenotypic markers of alveolar macrophages from BALB/C mice infected with P. marneffei. We then treated alveolar macrophages from infected mice with P. marneffei cytoplasmic yeast antigen (CYA) and investigated alveolar macrophage phenotypic markers in order to identify macrophage polarization in response to P. marneffei antigens. Our results showed: i) P. marneffei infection significantly enhanced the expression of classically activated macrophage (M1)-phenotypic markers (inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS] mRNA, nitric oxide [NO], interleukin-12 [IL-12], tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]) and alternatively activated macrophage (M2a)-phenotypic markers (arginase1 [Arg1] mRNA, urea) during the second week post-infection. This significantly decreased during the fourth week post-infection. ii) During P. marneffei infection, CYA stimulation also significantly enhanced the expression of M1 and M2a-phenotypic markers, consistent with the results for P. marneffei infection and CYA stimulation preferentially induced M1 subtype. The data from the current study demonstrated that alveolar macrophage M1/M2a subtypes were present in host defense against acute P. marneffei infection and that CYA could mimic P. marneffei to induce a host immune response with enhanced M1 subtype. This could be useful for investigating the enhancement of host anti-P. marneffei immune responses and to provide novel ideas for prevention of P. marneffei-infection.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 14 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 14 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Bachelor 2 14%
Student > Master 2 14%
Student > Postgraduate 2 14%
Other 1 7%
Unknown 7 50%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 3 21%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 2 14%
Immunology and Microbiology 2 14%
Unknown 7 50%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 21 August 2017.
All research outputs
#18,569,430
of 22,999,744 outputs
Outputs from BMC Microbiology
#2,257
of 3,208 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#244,387
of 318,830 outputs
Outputs of similar age from BMC Microbiology
#28
of 54 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,999,744 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 11th percentile – i.e., 11% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 3,208 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.1. This one is in the 15th percentile – i.e., 15% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 54 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 25th percentile – i.e., 25% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.