Title |
Vascularization of primary and secondary ossification centres in the human growth plate
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Published in |
BMC Developmental Biology, August 2014
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DOI | 10.1186/s12861-014-0036-7 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Sonja M Walzer, Erdal Cetin, Ruth Grübl-Barabas, Irene Sulzbacher, Beate Rueger, Werner Girsch, Stefan Toegel, Reinhard Windhager, Michael B Fischer |
Abstract |
The switch from cartilage template to bone during endochondral ossification of the growth plate requires a dynamic and close interaction between cartilage and the developing vasculature. Vascular invasion of the primarily avascular hypertrophic chondrocyte zone brings chondroclasts, osteoblast- and endothelial precursor cells into future centres of ossification.Vascularization of human growth plates of polydactylic digits was studied by immunohistochemistry, confocal-laser-scanning-microscopy and RT-qPCR using markers specific for endothelial cells CD34 and CD31, smooth muscle cells α-SMA, endothelial progenitor cells CD133, CXCR4, VEGFR-2 and mesenchymal progenitor cells CD90 and CD105. In addition, morphometric analysis was performed to quantify RUNX2+ and DLX5+ hypertrophic chondrocytes, RANK+ chondro- and osteoclasts, and CD133+ progenitors in different zones of the growth plate. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 2 | 4% |
Austria | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 50 | 94% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 17% |
Researcher | 9 | 17% |
Student > Master | 7 | 13% |
Student > Bachelor | 6 | 11% |
Other | 4 | 8% |
Other | 10 | 19% |
Unknown | 8 | 15% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 14 | 26% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 8 | 15% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 15% |
Engineering | 3 | 6% |
Computer Science | 1 | 2% |
Other | 6 | 11% |
Unknown | 13 | 25% |