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Spontaneous white matter damage, cognitive decline and neuroinflammation in middle-aged hypertensive rats: an animal model of early-stage cerebral small vessel disease

Overview of attention for article published in Acta Neuropathologica Communications, December 2014
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Title
Spontaneous white matter damage, cognitive decline and neuroinflammation in middle-aged hypertensive rats: an animal model of early-stage cerebral small vessel disease
Published in
Acta Neuropathologica Communications, December 2014
DOI 10.1186/s40478-014-0169-8
Pubmed ID
Authors

Daniel Kaiser, Gesa Weise, Karoline Möller, Johanna Scheibe, Claudia Pösel, Sebastian Baasch, Matthias Gawlitza, Donald Lobsien, Kai Diederich, Jens Minnerup, Alexander Kranz, Johannes Boltze, Daniel-Christoph Wagner

Abstract

IntroductionCerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders. The progressive remodeling of brain microvessels due to arterial hypertension or other vascular risk factors causes subtle, but constant cognitive decline through to manifest dementia and substantially increases the risk for stroke. Preliminary evidence suggests the contribution of the immune system to disease initiation and progression, but a more detailed understanding is impaired by the unavailability of appropriate animal models. Here, we introduce the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) as a model for early onset cSVD and unveiled substantial immune changes in conjunction with brain abnormalities that resemble clinical findings.ResultsIn contrast to age-matched normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats, male SHR exhibited non-spatial memory deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging showed brain atrophy and a reduction of white matter volumes in SHR. Histological analyses confirmed white matter demyelination and unveiled a circumscribed blood brain barrier dysfunction in conjunction with micro- and macrogliosis in deep cortical regions. Flow cytometry and histological analyses further revealed substantial disparities in cerebral CD45high leukocyte counts and distribution patterns between SHR and WKY. SHR showed lower counts of T cells in the choroid plexus and meningeal spaces as well as decreased interleukin-10 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. On the other hand, both T and NK cells were significantly augmented in the SHR brain microvasculature.ConclusionsOur results indicate that SHR share behavioral and neuropathological characteristics with human cSVD patients and further undergird the relevance of immune responses for the initiation and progression of cSVD.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 136 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
United Kingdom 1 <1%
Hong Kong 1 <1%
Spain 1 <1%
Unknown 133 98%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Ph. D. Student 24 18%
Researcher 24 18%
Student > Doctoral Student 14 10%
Student > Master 13 10%
Student > Bachelor 11 8%
Other 22 16%
Unknown 28 21%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Neuroscience 33 24%
Medicine and Dentistry 29 21%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 8 6%
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science 6 4%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 4 3%
Other 16 12%
Unknown 40 29%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 19 December 2014.
All research outputs
#20,246,428
of 22,774,233 outputs
Outputs from Acta Neuropathologica Communications
#1,301
of 1,371 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#296,097
of 353,309 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Acta Neuropathologica Communications
#13
of 21 outputs
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