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Alpha-galactosylceramide enhances protective immunity induced by DNA vaccine of the SAG5D gene of Toxoplasma gondii

Overview of attention for article published in BMC Infectious Diseases, December 2014
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Title
Alpha-galactosylceramide enhances protective immunity induced by DNA vaccine of the SAG5D gene of Toxoplasma gondii
Published in
BMC Infectious Diseases, December 2014
DOI 10.1186/s12879-014-0706-x
Pubmed ID
Authors

Gang Lu, Aihua Zhou, Min Meng, Lin Wang, Yali Han, Jingjing Guo, Huaiyu Zhou, Hua Cong, Qunli Zhao, Xing-Quan Zhu, Shenyi He

Abstract

BackgroundToxoplasmosis caused by the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a global epidemic parasitic disease. DNA vaccines play an important role in preventing the spread of toxoplasmosis. SAG family genes encoding particular surface proteins of T. gondii are the best candidates of DNA vaccine. As a member of SAG family genes, SAG5 gene has been proved to have better antigenic than SAG1. In addition, alpha-Galactosylceramide (¿-GalCer) was used to be an adjuvant in malaria vaccine and received positive results. In this study, the effect of the DNA vaccine enhanced by ¿-GalCer was evaluated by immunizing BALB/c mice.MethodsIn the present study, SAG5D gene of T. gondii was cloned, sequenced, and biologically characterized. BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups, including three experimental groups (pEGFP-C1-SAG5D, ¿-GalCer and ¿-GalCer/pEGFP-C1-SAG5D) and two control groups (PBS and pEGFP-C1), and were immunized intramuscularly three times. The levels of IgG antibodies and cytokine productions in mouse sera were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Two weeks after the last immunization, all mice were challenged intraperitoneally with 1¿×¿104 tachyzoites of T. gondii and the survival time of mice was recorded.ResultsA significant level of increase of IgG response against the soluble tachyzoite antigens (STAg) was detected by ELISA in experimental group. It revealed relatively high level of IFN-¿ production by the spleen cells. There were higher productions of interleukin-4 (IL-4) in ¿-GalCer treated groups compared to control groups. Challenge experiment showed a longer survival period (11 days compared with 5 days in control) in SAG5D DNA vaccinated mice was found after a lethal challenge with T. gondii RH strain.ConclusionsThe present study suggested that T. gondii SAG5D was a novel and positive DNA vaccine candidate against toxoplasmosis. In addition, the adjuvant (¿-GalCer) enhanced the body¿s cellular immune response and prolonged the survival time of mice after challenge.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 33 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
United Kingdom 1 3%
Unknown 32 97%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Master 9 27%
Student > Ph. D. Student 5 15%
Researcher 4 12%
Student > Bachelor 2 6%
Student > Doctoral Student 2 6%
Other 7 21%
Unknown 4 12%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Medicine and Dentistry 8 24%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 5 15%
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine 3 9%
Immunology and Microbiology 3 9%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 2 6%
Other 2 6%
Unknown 10 30%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 21 December 2014.
All research outputs
#17,735,364
of 22,775,504 outputs
Outputs from BMC Infectious Diseases
#5,092
of 7,669 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#242,024
of 353,184 outputs
Outputs of similar age from BMC Infectious Diseases
#117
of 196 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,775,504 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 19th percentile – i.e., 19% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 7,669 research outputs from this source. They typically receive more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 9.6. This one is in the 27th percentile – i.e., 27% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 353,184 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 27th percentile – i.e., 27% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 196 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 31st percentile – i.e., 31% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.