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Bile acid is a significant host factor shaping the gut microbiome of diet-induced obese mice

Overview of attention for article published in BMC Biology, December 2017
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Title
Bile acid is a significant host factor shaping the gut microbiome of diet-induced obese mice
Published in
BMC Biology, December 2017
DOI 10.1186/s12915-017-0462-7
Pubmed ID
Authors

Xiaojiao Zheng, Fengjie Huang, Aihua Zhao, Sha Lei, Yunjing Zhang, Guoxiang Xie, Tianlu Chen, Chun Qu, Cynthia Rajani, Bing Dong, Defa Li, Wei Jia

Abstract

Intestinal bacteria are known to regulate bile acid (BA) homeostasis via intestinal biotransformation of BAs and stimulation of the expression of fibroblast growth factor 19 through intestinal nuclear farnesoid X receptor (FXR). On the other hand, BAs directly regulate the gut microbiota with their strong antimicrobial activities. It remains unclear, however, how mammalian BAs cross-talk with gut microbiome and shape microbial composition in a dynamic and interactive way. We quantitatively profiled small molecule metabolites derived from host-microbial co-metabolism in mice, demonstrating that BAs were the most significant factor correlated with microbial alterations among all types of endogenous metabolites. A high-fat diet (HFD) intervention resulted in a rapid and significant increase in the intestinal BA pool within 12 h, followed by an alteration in microbial composition at 24 h, providing supporting evidence that BAs are major dietary factors regulating gut microbiota. Feeding mice with BAs along with a normal diet induced an obese phenotype and obesity-associated gut microbial composition, similar to HFD-fed mice. Inhibition of hepatic BA biosynthesis under HFD conditions attenuated the HFD-induced gut microbiome alterations. Both inhibition of BAs and direct suppression of microbiota improved obese phenotypes. Our study highlights a liver-BA-gut microbiome metabolic axis that drives significant modifications of BA and microbiota compositions capable of triggering metabolic disorders, suggesting new therapeutic strategies targeting BA metabolism for metabolic diseases.

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Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 185 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Ph. D. Student 43 23%
Student > Master 23 12%
Student > Bachelor 23 12%
Researcher 18 10%
Lecturer 7 4%
Other 22 12%
Unknown 49 26%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 41 22%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 26 14%
Immunology and Microbiology 20 11%
Medicine and Dentistry 16 9%
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science 5 3%
Other 17 9%
Unknown 60 32%