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Seroprevalence and molecular characteristics of hepatitis E virus in household-raised pig population in the Philippines

Overview of attention for article published in BMC Veterinary Research, January 2015
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Title
Seroprevalence and molecular characteristics of hepatitis E virus in household-raised pig population in the Philippines
Published in
BMC Veterinary Research, January 2015
DOI 10.1186/s12917-015-0322-z
Pubmed ID
Authors

Xiaofang Liu, Mariko Saito, Yusuke Sayama, Ellie Suzuki, Fedelino F Malbas, Hazel O Galang, Yuki Furuse, Mayuko Saito, Tiancheng Li, Akira Suzuki, Hitoshi Oshitani

Abstract

BackgroundHepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a significant public health concern in Asia, and swine is an important source of sporadic HEV infection in human. However, no epidemiological data are available regarding HEV infection among the swine or human population in the Philippines. To assess the HEV infection status among pigs in rural areas, we investigated the molecular characteristics and seroprevalence of HEV among household-raised pigs in San Jose, Tarlac Province, the Philippines.ResultSerum and rectal swab samples were collected from 299 pigs aged 2¿24 months from 155 households in four barangays (villages) between July 2010 and June 2011. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed that 50.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 44.5¿56.2%] and 22.9% (95% CI 18.2¿28.1%) of pigs tested positive for anti-HEV IgG and IgM, respectively. HEV RNA was detected in the feces of 22 pigs (7.4%, 95% CI 4.7¿10.9%). A total of 103 households (66.5%, 95% CI 58.4¿73.8%) had at least one pig that tested positive for anti-HEV IgG or IgM or HEV RNA. The prevalence of anti-HEV IgG and IgM in breeding pig (8¿24 months) were higher than that in growing pigs (2¿4 months) (p¿<¿0.0001 and p¿=¿0.008, respectively). HEV RNA was more frequently detected in 2¿4-month-old pigs (9.2%, 95% CI 5.4¿14.6%) than in ¿5-month-old pigs (4.8%, 95% CI 1.1¿8.5%) without statistical significance (p¿=¿0.142). HEV RNA showed 0¿27.6% nucleotide difference at the partial ORF2 gene among the detected viruses, and a majority of them belonged to subtype 3a (20/22, 90.9%).ConclusionWe found a high prevalence of HEV antibodies in the household-raised pig population in rural areas of the Philippines, which indicates the potential risk of HEV infection among local residents. Only genotype 3 of HEV was observed, and genetically diverse strains of HEV were found to be circulating in pigs in this study.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 41 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Japan 1 2%
Denmark 1 2%
Unknown 39 95%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Ph. D. Student 7 17%
Researcher 7 17%
Professor 5 12%
Student > Master 5 12%
Professor > Associate Professor 4 10%
Other 7 17%
Unknown 6 15%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 13 32%
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine 8 20%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 3 7%
Medicine and Dentistry 2 5%
Immunology and Microbiology 2 5%
Other 3 7%
Unknown 10 24%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 28 January 2015.
All research outputs
#18,390,814
of 22,780,165 outputs
Outputs from BMC Veterinary Research
#1,920
of 3,046 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#256,853
of 352,883 outputs
Outputs of similar age from BMC Veterinary Research
#57
of 90 outputs
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We're also able to compare this research output to 90 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 11th percentile – i.e., 11% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.