Title |
Expertise in evidence-based medicine: a tale of three models
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Published in |
Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine, February 2018
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DOI | 10.1186/s13010-018-0055-2 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Sarah Wieten |
Abstract |
Expertise has been a contentious concept in Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM). Especially in the early days of the movement, expertise was taken to be exactly what EBM was rebelling against-the authoritarian pronouncements about "best" interventions dutifully learned in medical schools, sometimes with dire consequences. Since then, some proponents of EBM have tried various ways of reincorporating the idea of expertise into EBM, with mixed results. However, questions remain. Is expertise evidence? If not, what is it good for, if anything? In this article, I describe and analyze the three historical models of expertise integration in EBM and discuss the difficulties in putting each into practice. I also examine accounts of expertise from disciplines outside of medicine, including philosophy, sociology, psychology, and science and technology studies to see if these accounts can strengthen and clarify what EBM has to say about expertise. Of the accounts of expertise discussed here, the Collins and Evans account can do most to clarify the concept of expertise in EBM. With some additional clarification from EBM proper, theoretical resources from other disciplines might augment the current EBM account of expertise. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 6 | 16% |
United Kingdom | 4 | 11% |
Korea, Republic of | 1 | 3% |
Australia | 1 | 3% |
Maldives | 1 | 3% |
Spain | 1 | 3% |
Ireland | 1 | 3% |
South Africa | 1 | 3% |
Saudi Arabia | 1 | 3% |
Other | 3 | 8% |
Unknown | 17 | 46% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 27 | 73% |
Scientists | 7 | 19% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 3 | 8% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 149 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 23 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 16 | 11% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 11 | 7% |
Researcher | 9 | 6% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 8 | 5% |
Other | 25 | 17% |
Unknown | 57 | 38% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 30 | 20% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 24 | 16% |
Philosophy | 7 | 5% |
Psychology | 4 | 3% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 3% |
Other | 21 | 14% |
Unknown | 59 | 40% |