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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
IL-10+ NK and TGF-β+ NK cells play negative regulatory roles in HIV infection
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
BMC Infectious Diseases, February 2018
|
| DOI | 10.1186/s12879-018-2991-2 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Yongjun Jiang, Mei Yang, Xiaojuan Sun, Xi Chen, Meichen Ma, Xiaowan Yin, Shi Qian, Zining Zhang, Yajing Fu, Jing Liu, Xiaoxu Han, Junjie Xu, Hong Shang |
| Abstract |
Natural killer (NK) cells play cytotoxic roles by targeting tumor cells or virus infected cells, they also play regulatory roles by secreting cytokines and chemokines. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and interleukin (IL)-10 are important immunosuppressive cytokines potentially related to the immune dysregulation that occurs in the infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). NK cells are an important source of TGF-β and a main early producer of IL-10 in response to viral infection. Here, we evaluated the percentages of IL-10+and TGF-β+NK cells in HIV-infected patients relative to healthy controls (HCs). Study participants (n = 63) included 31 antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naïve HIV-infected patients, 17 ART-treated HIV-infected patients, and 15 HIV-negative HCs. Expression of IL-10 or TGF-β in NK cells was examined by flow cytometry, and the influences of recombinant IL-10 (rIL-10) or recombinant TGF-β (rTGF-β) on NK cell function were investigated in vitro. Compared with HCs, ART-naïve HIV-infected patients had increased percentages of IL-10+(2.0% vs. 0.4%, p = 0.015) and TGF-β+(4.5% vs. 2.1%, p = 0.022) NK cells, and ART-treated patients also had a higher percentage of IL-10+NK cells (2.5% vs. 0.4%, p = 0.002). The percentages of IL-10+and TGF-β+NK cells were positively correlated (r = 0.388; p = 0.010). The results of in vitro experiments demonstrated that rIL-10 and rTGF-β inhibited NK cell CD107a expression (p = 0.037 and p = 0.024, respectively), IFN-γ secretion (p = 0.006, p = 0.016, respectively), and granzyme B release after stimulation (p = 0.014, p = 0.040, respectively). Our data suggest that the percentages of IL-10+or TGF-β+NK cells are increased in HIV-infected patients, and that rIL-10 and/or rTGF-β can inhibit NK cell functions in vitro, providing a potential therapeutic target for strategies aimed at combating HIV infection. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 5 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 20% |
| Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 1 | 20% |
| Unknown | 3 | 60% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 4 | 80% |
| Scientists | 1 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 64 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 64 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Master | 12 | 19% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 9 | 14% |
| Student > Bachelor | 8 | 13% |
| Researcher | 5 | 8% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 3 | 5% |
| Other | 5 | 8% |
| Unknown | 22 | 34% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Immunology and Microbiology | 11 | 17% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 9 | 14% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 5 | 8% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 3 | 5% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 2 | 3% |
| Other | 8 | 13% |
| Unknown | 26 | 41% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 20 April 2020.
All research outputs
#14,092,894
of 23,023,224 outputs
Outputs from BMC Infectious Diseases
#3,613
of 7,724 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#236,500
of 446,078 outputs
Outputs of similar age from BMC Infectious Diseases
#55
of 135 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,023,224 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 37th percentile – i.e., 37% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 7,724 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 10.2. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 50% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 446,078 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 45th percentile – i.e., 45% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 135 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 57% of its contemporaries.