Title |
IL-10+ NK and TGF-β+ NK cells play negative regulatory roles in HIV infection
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Published in |
BMC Infectious Diseases, February 2018
|
DOI | 10.1186/s12879-018-2991-2 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Yongjun Jiang, Mei Yang, Xiaojuan Sun, Xi Chen, Meichen Ma, Xiaowan Yin, Shi Qian, Zining Zhang, Yajing Fu, Jing Liu, Xiaoxu Han, Junjie Xu, Hong Shang |
Abstract |
Natural killer (NK) cells play cytotoxic roles by targeting tumor cells or virus infected cells, they also play regulatory roles by secreting cytokines and chemokines. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and interleukin (IL)-10 are important immunosuppressive cytokines potentially related to the immune dysregulation that occurs in the infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). NK cells are an important source of TGF-β and a main early producer of IL-10 in response to viral infection. Here, we evaluated the percentages of IL-10+and TGF-β+NK cells in HIV-infected patients relative to healthy controls (HCs). Study participants (n = 63) included 31 antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naïve HIV-infected patients, 17 ART-treated HIV-infected patients, and 15 HIV-negative HCs. Expression of IL-10 or TGF-β in NK cells was examined by flow cytometry, and the influences of recombinant IL-10 (rIL-10) or recombinant TGF-β (rTGF-β) on NK cell function were investigated in vitro. Compared with HCs, ART-naïve HIV-infected patients had increased percentages of IL-10+(2.0% vs. 0.4%, p = 0.015) and TGF-β+(4.5% vs. 2.1%, p = 0.022) NK cells, and ART-treated patients also had a higher percentage of IL-10+NK cells (2.5% vs. 0.4%, p = 0.002). The percentages of IL-10+and TGF-β+NK cells were positively correlated (r = 0.388; p = 0.010). The results of in vitro experiments demonstrated that rIL-10 and rTGF-β inhibited NK cell CD107a expression (p = 0.037 and p = 0.024, respectively), IFN-γ secretion (p = 0.006, p = 0.016, respectively), and granzyme B release after stimulation (p = 0.014, p = 0.040, respectively). Our data suggest that the percentages of IL-10+or TGF-β+NK cells are increased in HIV-infected patients, and that rIL-10 and/or rTGF-β can inhibit NK cell functions in vitro, providing a potential therapeutic target for strategies aimed at combating HIV infection. |
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