Title |
Scratching the surface – tobacco-induced bacterial biofilms
|
---|---|
Published in |
Tobacco Induced Diseases, February 2015
|
DOI | 10.1186/s12971-014-0026-3 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Justin A Hutcherson, David A Scott, Juhi Bagaitkar |
Abstract |
Individual environmental factors, such as iron, temperature and oxygen, are known to have a profound effect on bacterial phenotype. Therefore, it is surprising so little known is about the influence of chemically complex cigarette smoke on bacterial physiology. Recent evidence has demonstrated that tobacco smoke and components alter the bacterial surface and promote biofilm formation in several important human pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Klebsiella pneumonia, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon and the relevance to increased susceptibility to infectious disease in smokers and to treatment are reviewed. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Saudi Arabia | 15 | 34% |
United States | 4 | 9% |
Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 1 | 2% |
Australia | 1 | 2% |
India | 1 | 2% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 2% |
Spain | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 20 | 45% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 38 | 86% |
Scientists | 4 | 9% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 5% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Indonesia | 1 | 2% |
Unknown | 59 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Bachelor | 11 | 18% |
Student > Master | 9 | 15% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 6 | 10% |
Researcher | 4 | 7% |
Student > Postgraduate | 3 | 5% |
Other | 9 | 15% |
Unknown | 18 | 30% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 23 | 38% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 8% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 3 | 5% |
Environmental Science | 2 | 3% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 2 | 3% |
Other | 7 | 12% |
Unknown | 18 | 30% |