Pharmacological justification of use of Solena heterophylla Lour. in gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular disorders

Khalid Hussain Janbaz, Tashfeen Akhtar, Fatima Saqib, Imran, Muhammad Zia-Ul-Haq, Chaweeewan Jansakul, Vincenzo De Feo, Marius Moga

Solena heterophylla Lour. has traditionally been used in the management of diseases pertaining to gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular system and present study was undertaken to validate its traditional uses. The aqueous ethanolic extract of Solena heterophylla Lour (Sh.Cr) was tested in-vitro on isolated rabbit jejunum, tracheal and aorta preparations. The responses of tissues were recorded using isotonic transducers coupled with PowerLab data acquisition system. The aqueous ethanolic extract of Solena heterophylla Lour (Sh.Cr) (0.03-1.0 mg/ml) on application to spontaneous contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparation exerted relaxant effect through decrease in magnitude and frequency of contractions, caused relaxation of K(+)(80 mM)-induced contractions and shifted the Ca(2+) concentration response curves toward right in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations in a manner similar to verapamil (a standard Ca(2+) channel blocker), thus confirming its Ca(2+) channel blocking activity. The Sh.Cr also caused relaxation of carbachol (1 μM)- and K(+)(80 mM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit tracheal preparations in a manner comparable to dicyclomine. The observed relaxant effect may be outcome of anti-muscarinic and Ca(2+) channel blocking activities. The Sh.Cr (0.03-1.0 mg/ml) against phenyephrine (1 μM)- and K(+)(80 mM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit aortic preparations exerted a relaxant effect, possibly through Ca(2+) channel blocking activity. These findings provide a rationale for the folkloric uses of the plant in the management of ailments pertaining to gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular system.