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Spatial profiles of markers of glycolysis, mitochondria, and proton pumps in a rat glioma suggest coordinated programming for proliferation

Overview of attention for article published in BMC Research Notes, June 2015
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Title
Spatial profiles of markers of glycolysis, mitochondria, and proton pumps in a rat glioma suggest coordinated programming for proliferation
Published in
BMC Research Notes, June 2015
DOI 10.1186/s13104-015-1191-z
Pubmed ID
Authors

Emmanuelle Grillon, Régine Farion, Moshe Reuveni, Andrew Glidle, Chantal Rémy, Jonathan A. Coles

Abstract

In cancer cells in vitro, the glycolytic pathway and the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle are programmed to produce more precursor molecules, and relatively less ATP, than in differentiated cells. We address the questions of whether and where these changes occur in vivo in glioblastomas grown from C6 cells in rat brain. These gliomas show some spatial organization, notably in the upregulation of membrane proton transporters near the rim. We immunolabeled pairs of proteins (as well as DNA) on sections of rat brains containing gliomas, measured the profiles of fluorescence intensity on strips 200 µm wide and at least 3 mm long running perpendicular to the tumor rim, and expressed the intensity in the glioma relative to that outside. On averaged profiles, labeling of a marker of the glycolytic pathway, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), was, as expected, greater in the glioma. Over distances up to 2.5 mm into the glioma, expression of a marker of the TCA cycle, Tom20, a pre-protein receptor on the translocation complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane, was also upregulated. The ratio of upregulation of Tom20 to upregulation of GAPDH was, on average, slightly greater than one. Near the rim (0.4-0.8 mm), GAPDH was expressed less and there was a peak in the mean ratio of 1.16, SEM = 0.001, N = 16 pairs of profiles. An antibody to V-ATPase, which, by pumping protons into vacuoles contributes to cell growth, also indicated upregulation by about 40%. When compared directly with GAPDH, upregulation of V-ATPase was only 0.764, SD = 0.016 of GAPDH upregulation. Although there was considerable variation between individual measured profiles, on average, markers of the glycolytic pathway, of mitochondria, and of cell proliferation showed coherent upregulation in C6 gliomas. There is a zone, close to the rim, where mitochondrial presence is upregulated more than the glycolytic pathway, in agreement with earlier suggestions that lactate is taken up by cells near the rim.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 15 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Italy 1 7%
Unknown 14 93%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Bachelor 2 13%
Professor > Associate Professor 2 13%
Student > Ph. D. Student 2 13%
Researcher 2 13%
Other 1 7%
Other 1 7%
Unknown 5 33%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 3 20%
Medicine and Dentistry 3 20%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 2 13%
Arts and Humanities 1 7%
Neuroscience 1 7%
Other 0 0%
Unknown 5 33%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 01 June 2015.
All research outputs
#15,334,706
of 22,808,725 outputs
Outputs from BMC Research Notes
#2,315
of 4,262 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#157,257
of 267,792 outputs
Outputs of similar age from BMC Research Notes
#36
of 78 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,808,725 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 22nd percentile – i.e., 22% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 4,262 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.5. This one is in the 33rd percentile – i.e., 33% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 267,792 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 32nd percentile – i.e., 32% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 78 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 38th percentile – i.e., 38% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.