Title |
Hepatitis E virus chronic infection of swine co-infected with Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus
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Published in |
Veterinary Research, June 2015
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DOI | 10.1186/s13567-015-0207-y |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Morgane Salines, Elodie Barnaud, Mathieu Andraud, Florent Eono, Patricia Renson, Olivier Bourry, Nicole Pavio, Nicolas Rose |
Abstract |
In developed countries, most of hepatitis E human cases are of zoonotic origin. Swine is a major hepatitis E virus (HEV) reservoir and foodborne transmissions after pork product consumption have been described. The risk for HEV-containing pig livers at slaughter time is related to the age at infection and to the virus shedding duration. Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) is a virus that impairs the immune response; it is highly prevalent in pig production areas and suspected to influence HEV infection dynamics. The impact of PRRSV on the features of HEV infections was studied through an experimental HEV/PRRSV co-infection of specific-pathogen-free (SPF) pigs. The follow-up of the co-infected animals showed that HEV shedding was delayed by a factor of 1.9 in co-infected pigs compared to HEV-only infected pigs and specific immune response was delayed by a factor of 1.6. HEV shedding was significantly increased with co-infection and dramatically extended (48.6 versus 9.7 days for HEV only). The long-term HEV shedding was significantly correlated with the delayed humoral response in co-infected pigs. Direct transmission rate was estimated to be 4.7 times higher in case of co-infection than in HEV only infected pigs (0.70 and 0.15 per day respectively). HEV infection susceptibility was increased by a factor of 3.3, showing the major impact of PRRSV infection on HEV dynamics. Finally, HEV/PRRSV co-infection - frequently observed in pig herds - may lead to chronic HEV infection which may dramatically increase the risk of pig livers containing HEV at slaughter time. |
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Unknown | 1 | 100% |
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Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
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Japan | 1 | 3% |
United States | 1 | 3% |
Denmark | 1 | 3% |
Unknown | 36 | 92% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Ph. D. Student | 12 | 31% |
Researcher | 7 | 18% |
Student > Bachelor | 4 | 10% |
Student > Master | 4 | 10% |
Other | 2 | 5% |
Other | 5 | 13% |
Unknown | 5 | 13% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 9 | 23% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 3 | 8% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 1 | 3% |
Computer Science | 1 | 3% |
Other | 3 | 8% |
Unknown | 8 | 21% |