Title |
Heterogeneity reduces sensitivity of cell death for TNF-Stimuli
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Published in |
BMC Systems Biology, December 2011
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DOI | 10.1186/1752-0509-5-204 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Monica Schliemann, Eric Bullinger, Steffen Borchers, Frank Allgöwer, Rolf Findeisen, Peter Scheurich |
Abstract |
Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death essential for the maintenance of homeostasis and the removal of potentially damaged cells in multicellular organisms. By binding its cognate membrane receptor, TNF receptor type 1 (TNF-R1), the proinflammatory cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) activates pro-apoptotic signaling via caspase activation, but at the same time also stimulates nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-mediated survival pathways. Differential dose-response relationships of these two major TNF signaling pathways have been described experimentally and using mathematical modeling. However, the quantitative analysis of the complex interplay between pro- and anti-apoptotic signaling pathways is an open question as it is challenging for several reasons: the overall signaling network is complex, various time scales are present, and cells respond quantitatively and qualitatively in a heterogeneous manner. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 2 | 3% |
Portugal | 1 | 1% |
France | 1 | 1% |
Germany | 1 | 1% |
Taiwan | 1 | 1% |
Brazil | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 71 | 91% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 27 | 35% |
Researcher | 15 | 19% |
Other | 7 | 9% |
Professor | 5 | 6% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 5 | 6% |
Other | 10 | 13% |
Unknown | 9 | 12% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 32 | 41% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 9 | 12% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 6 | 8% |
Engineering | 4 | 5% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 4% |
Other | 11 | 14% |
Unknown | 13 | 17% |