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Aggressive breast cancer in western Kenya has early onset, high proliferation, and immune cell infiltration

Overview of attention for article published in BMC Cancer, March 2016
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Title
Aggressive breast cancer in western Kenya has early onset, high proliferation, and immune cell infiltration
Published in
BMC Cancer, March 2016
DOI 10.1186/s12885-016-2204-6
Pubmed ID
Authors

Rispah T. Sawe, Maggie Kerper, Sunil Badve, Jun Li, Mayra Sandoval-Cooper, Jingmeng Xie, Zonggao Shi, Kirtika Patel, David Chumba, Ayub Ofulla, Jenifer Prosperi, Katherine Taylor, M. Sharon Stack, Simeon Mining, Laurie E. Littlepage

Abstract

Breast cancer incidence and mortality vary significantly among different nations and racial groups. African nations have the highest breast cancer mortality rates in the world, even though the incidence rates are below those of many nations. Differences in disease progression suggest that aggressive breast tumors may harbor a unique molecular signature to promote disease progression. However, few studies have investigated the pathology and clinical markers expressed in breast tissue from regional African patient populations. We collected 68 malignant and 89 non-cancerous samples from Kenyan breast tissue. To characterize the tumors from these patients, we constructed tissue microarrays (TMAs) from these tissues. Sections from these TMAs were stained and analyzed using immunohistochemistry to detect clinical breast cancer markers, including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor 2 receptor (HER2) status, Ki67, and immune cell markers. Thirty-three percent of the tumors were triple negative (ER-, PR-, HER2-), 59 % were ER+, and almost all tumors analyzed were HER2-. Seven percent of the breast cancer patients were male, and 30 % were <40 years old at diagnosis. Cancer tissue had increased immune cell infiltration with recruitment of CD163+ (M2 macrophage), CD25+ (regulatory T lymphocyte), and CD4+ (T helper) cells compared to non-cancer tissue. We identified clinical biomarkers that may assist in identifying therapy strategies for breast cancer patients in western Kenya. Estrogen receptor status in particular should lead initial treatment strategies in these breast cancer patients. Increased CD25 expression suggests a need for additional treatment strategies designed to overcome immune suppression by CD25+ cells in order to promote the antitumor activity of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells.

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The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 102 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 102 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Master 20 20%
Researcher 15 15%
Student > Ph. D. Student 13 13%
Student > Postgraduate 10 10%
Lecturer 6 6%
Other 19 19%
Unknown 19 19%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Medicine and Dentistry 46 45%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 10 10%
Immunology and Microbiology 5 5%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 5 5%
Nursing and Health Professions 3 3%
Other 13 13%
Unknown 20 20%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 12 March 2016.
All research outputs
#20,983,210
of 23,613,071 outputs
Outputs from BMC Cancer
#6,660
of 8,487 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#255,286
of 301,545 outputs
Outputs of similar age from BMC Cancer
#151
of 179 outputs
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So far Altmetric has tracked 8,487 research outputs from this source. They receive a mean Attention Score of 4.4. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 179 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.