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Psychological factors in exceptional, extreme and torturous environments

Overview of attention for article published in Extreme Physiology & Medicine, June 2016
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About this Attention Score

  • In the top 5% of all research outputs scored by Altmetric
  • Among the highest-scoring outputs from this source (#12 of 108)
  • High Attention Score compared to outputs of the same age (95th percentile)

Mentioned by

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2 news outlets
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49 X users
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2 Google+ users

Citations

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48 Dimensions

Readers on

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136 Mendeley
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Title
Psychological factors in exceptional, extreme and torturous environments
Published in
Extreme Physiology & Medicine, June 2016
DOI 10.1186/s13728-016-0048-y
Pubmed ID
Authors

John Leach

Abstract

Our cognitive system has adapted to support goal-directed behaviour within a normal environment. An abnormal environment is one to which we are not optimally adapted but can accommodate through the development of coping strategies. These abnormal environments can be 'exceptional', e.g., polar base, space station, submarine, prison, intensive care unit, isolation ward etc.; 'extreme', marked by more intense environmental stimuli and a real or perceived lack of control over the situation, e.g., surviving at sea in a life-raft, harsh prison camp etc.; or 'tortuous', when specific environmental stimuli are used deliberately against a person in an attempt to undermine his will or resistance. The main factors in an abnormal environment are: psychological (isolation, sensory deprivation, sensory overload, sleep deprivation, temporal disorientation); psychophysiological (thermal, stress positions), and psychosocial (cultural humiliation, sexual degradation). Each single factor may not be considered tortuous, however, if deliberately structured into a systemic cluster may constitute torture under legal definition. The individual experience of extremis can be pathogenic or salutogenic and attempts are being made to capitalise on these positive experiences whilst ameliorating the more negative aspects of living in an abnormal environment.

X Demographics

X Demographics

The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 49 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 136 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Russia 1 <1%
Brazil 1 <1%
Unknown 134 99%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Master 23 17%
Student > Ph. D. Student 18 13%
Student > Bachelor 17 13%
Researcher 16 12%
Other 7 5%
Other 20 15%
Unknown 35 26%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Psychology 31 23%
Medicine and Dentistry 23 17%
Nursing and Health Professions 6 4%
Social Sciences 5 4%
Neuroscience 4 3%
Other 31 23%
Unknown 36 26%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 57. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 27 March 2024.
All research outputs
#751,560
of 25,552,205 outputs
Outputs from Extreme Physiology & Medicine
#12
of 108 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#14,304
of 354,032 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Extreme Physiology & Medicine
#1
of 3 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,552,205 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 97th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 108 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 39.1. This one has done well, scoring higher than 89% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 354,032 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 95% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 3 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has scored higher than all of them