Title |
Genomic organization, evolution, and expression of photoprotein and opsin genes in Mnemiopsis leidyi: a new view of ctenophore photocytes
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Published in |
BMC Biology, December 2012
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DOI | 10.1186/1741-7007-10-107 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Christine E Schnitzler, Kevin Pang, Meghan L Powers, Adam M Reitzel, Joseph F Ryan, David Simmons, Takashi Tada, Morgan Park, Jyoti Gupta, Shelise Y Brooks, Robert W Blakesley, Shozo Yokoyama, Steven HD Haddock, Mark Q Martindale, Andreas D Baxevanis |
Abstract |
Calcium-activated photoproteins are luciferase variants found in photocyte cells of bioluminescent jellyfish (Phylum Cnidaria) and comb jellies (Phylum Ctenophora). The complete genomic sequence from the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi, a representative of the earliest branch of animals that emit light, provided an opportunity to examine the genome of an organism that uses this class of luciferase for bioluminescence and to look for genes involved in light reception. To determine when photoprotein genes first arose, we examined the genomic sequence from other early-branching taxa. We combined our genomic survey with gene trees, developmental expression patterns, and functional protein assays of photoproteins and opsins to provide a comprehensive view of light production and light reception in Mnemiopsis. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United Kingdom | 2 | 22% |
United States | 1 | 11% |
Mexico | 1 | 11% |
Unknown | 5 | 56% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 4 | 44% |
Scientists | 3 | 33% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 22% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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France | 2 | 2% |
United States | 2 | 2% |
Germany | 1 | <1% |
Australia | 1 | <1% |
Norway | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Brazil | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 122 | 93% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 31 | 24% |
Researcher | 23 | 18% |
Student > Bachelor | 16 | 12% |
Student > Master | 9 | 7% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 8 | 6% |
Other | 30 | 23% |
Unknown | 14 | 11% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 66 | 50% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 30 | 23% |
Neuroscience | 5 | 4% |
Earth and Planetary Sciences | 3 | 2% |
Chemistry | 3 | 2% |
Other | 8 | 6% |
Unknown | 16 | 12% |