Title |
Participant recruitment in sensitive surveys: a comparative trial of ‘opt in’ versus ‘opt out’ approaches
|
---|---|
Published in |
BMC Medical Research Methodology, January 2013
|
DOI | 10.1186/1471-2288-13-3 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Katherine J Hunt, Natalie Shlomo, Julia Addington-Hall |
Abstract |
Although in health services survey research we strive for a high response rate, this must be balanced against the need to recruit participants ethically and considerately, particularly in surveys with a sensitive nature. In survey research there are no established recommendations to guide recruitment approach and an 'opt-in' system that requires potential participants to request a copy of the questionnaire by returning a reply slip is frequently adopted. However, in observational research the risk to participants is lower than in clinical research and so some surveys have used an 'opt-out' system. The effect of this approach on response and distress is unknown. We sought to investigate this in a survey of end of life care completed by bereaved relatives. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 4 | 44% |
Ireland | 1 | 11% |
Australia | 1 | 11% |
Unknown | 3 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 6 | 67% |
Scientists | 2 | 22% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 11% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 2 | 2% |
Spain | 1 | <1% |
Canada | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 118 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 27 | 22% |
Student > Master | 24 | 20% |
Researcher | 15 | 12% |
Student > Bachelor | 14 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 12 | 10% |
Other | 15 | 12% |
Unknown | 15 | 12% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 40 | 33% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 21 | 17% |
Social Sciences | 15 | 12% |
Psychology | 8 | 7% |
Business, Management and Accounting | 4 | 3% |
Other | 11 | 9% |
Unknown | 23 | 19% |