Title |
Pathogenesis and transmissibility of highly (H7N1) and low (H7N9) pathogenic avian influenza virus infection in red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa)
|
---|---|
Published in |
Veterinary Research, February 2011
|
DOI | 10.1186/1297-9716-42-24 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Kateri Bertran, Elisa Pérez-Ramírez, Núria Busquets, Roser Dolz, Antonio Ramis, Ayub Darji, Francesc Xavier Abad, Rosa Valle, Aida Chaves, Júlia Vergara-Alert, Marta Barral, Ursula Höfle, Natàlia Majó |
Abstract |
An experimental infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) and low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV) was carried out in red-legged partridges (Alectoris rufa) in order to study clinical signs, gross and microscopic lesions, and viral distribution in tissues and viral shedding. Birds were infected with a HPAIV subtype H7N1 (A/Chicken/Italy/5093/1999) and a LPAIV subtype H7N9 (A/Anas crecca/Spain/1460/2008). Uninoculated birds were included as contacts in both groups. In HPAIV infected birds, the first clinical signs were observed at 3 dpi, and mortality started at 4 dpi, reaching 100% at 8 dpi. The presence of viral antigen in tissues and viral shedding were confirmed by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real time RT-PCR (qRRT-PCR), respectively, in all birds infected with HPAIV. However, neither clinical signs nor histopathological findings were observed in LPAIV infected partridges. In addition, only short-term viral shedding together with seroconversion was detected in some LPAIV inoculated animals. The present study demonstrates that the red-legged partridge is highly susceptible to the H7N1 HPAIV strain, causing severe disease, mortality and abundant viral shedding and thus contributing to the spread of a potential local outbreak of this virus. In contrast, our results concerning H7N9 LPAIV suggest that the red-legged partridge is not a reservoir species for this virus. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 7 | 54% |
Spain | 2 | 15% |
United States | 1 | 8% |
Unknown | 3 | 23% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 9 | 69% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 3 | 23% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 8% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Indonesia | 1 | 1% |
Japan | 1 | 1% |
Mexico | 1 | 1% |
Denmark | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 64 | 94% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 15 | 22% |
Student > Master | 10 | 15% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 10% |
Student > Bachelor | 6 | 9% |
Other | 6 | 9% |
Other | 15 | 22% |
Unknown | 9 | 13% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 31 | 46% |
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 9 | 13% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 7 | 10% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 4 | 6% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 3 | 4% |
Other | 5 | 7% |
Unknown | 9 | 13% |