Title |
Antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in waters associated with a hospital in Ujjain, India
|
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Published in |
BMC Public Health, July 2010
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DOI | 10.1186/1471-2458-10-414 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Vishal Diwan, Ashok J Tamhankar, Rakesh K Khandal, Shanta Sen, Manjeet Aggarwal, Yogyata Marothi, Rama V Iyer, Karin Sundblad-Tonderski, Cecilia Stålsby- Lundborg |
Abstract |
Concerns have been raised about the public health implications of the presence of antibiotic residues in the aquatic environment and their effect on the development of bacterial resistance. While there is information on antibiotic residue levels in hospital effluent from some other countries, information on antibiotic residue levels in effluent from Indian hospitals is not available. Also, concurrent studies on antibiotic prescription quantity in a hospital and antibiotic residue levels and resistant bacteria in the effluent of the same hospital are few. Therefore, we quantified antibiotic residues in waters associated with a hospital in India and assessed their association, if any, with quantities of antibiotic prescribed in the hospital and the susceptibility of Escherichia coli found in the hospital effluent. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 1 | 50% |
Unknown | 1 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 2 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
India | 3 | <1% |
Germany | 2 | <1% |
Portugal | 1 | <1% |
France | 1 | <1% |
Malaysia | 1 | <1% |
Iran, Islamic Republic of | 1 | <1% |
United States | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 378 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 70 | 18% |
Student > Master | 64 | 16% |
Researcher | 32 | 8% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 27 | 7% |
Student > Bachelor | 27 | 7% |
Other | 65 | 17% |
Unknown | 103 | 27% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Environmental Science | 58 | 15% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 41 | 11% |
Engineering | 33 | 9% |
Chemistry | 24 | 6% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 23 | 6% |
Other | 92 | 24% |
Unknown | 117 | 30% |