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Mendelian inheritance of trimodal CpG methylation sites suggests distal cis-acting genetic effects

Overview of attention for article published in Clinical Epigenetics, November 2016
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  • In the top 25% of all research outputs scored by Altmetric
  • High Attention Score compared to outputs of the same age (89th percentile)
  • High Attention Score compared to outputs of the same age and source (95th percentile)

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Title
Mendelian inheritance of trimodal CpG methylation sites suggests distal cis-acting genetic effects
Published in
Clinical Epigenetics, November 2016
DOI 10.1186/s13148-016-0295-1
Pubmed ID
Authors

Shaza B. Zaghlool, Mashael Al-Shafai, Wadha A. Al Muftah, Pankaj Kumar, Christian Gieger, Melanie Waldenberger, Mario Falchi, Karsten Suhre

Abstract

Environmentally influenced phenotypes, such as obesity and insulin resistance, can be transmitted over multiple generations. Epigenetic modifications, such as methylation of DNA cytosine-guanine (CpG) pairs, may be carriers of inherited information. At the population level, the methylation state of such "heritable" CpG sites is expected to follow a trimodal distribution, and their mode of inheritance should be Mendelian. Using the Illumina Infinium 450 K DNA methylation array, we determined DNA CpG-methylation in blood cells from a family cohort 123 individuals of Arab ethnicity, including 18 elementary father-mother-child trios, we asked whether Mendelian inheritance of CpG methylation is observed, and most importantly, whether it is independent of any genetic signals. Using 40× whole genome sequencing, we therefore excluded all CpG sites with possibly confounding genetic variants (SNP) within the binding regions of the Illumina probes. We identified a total of 955 CpG sites that displayed a trimodal distribution and confirmed trimodality in a study of 1805 unrelated Caucasians. Of 955 CpG sites, 99.9% observed a strict Mendelian pattern of inheritance and had no SNP within +/-110 nucleotides of the CpG site by design. However, in 97% of these cases a distal cis-acting SNP within a +/-1 Mbp window was found that explained the observed CpG distribution, excluding the hypothesis of epigenetic inheritance for these clear-cut trimodal sites. Using power analysis, we showed that in 46% of all cases, the closest CpG-associated SNP was located more than 1000 bp from the CpG site. Our findings suggest that CpG methylation is maintained over larger genomic distances. Furthermore, nearly half of the SNPs associated with these trimodal sites were also associated with the expression of nearby genes (P = 4.08 × 10(-6)), implying a regulatory effect of these trimodal CpG sites.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 48 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 48 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Ph. D. Student 11 23%
Researcher 8 17%
Student > Bachelor 5 10%
Student > Doctoral Student 5 10%
Student > Master 3 6%
Other 6 13%
Unknown 10 21%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 11 23%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 6 13%
Nursing and Health Professions 5 10%
Medicine and Dentistry 5 10%
Immunology and Microbiology 2 4%
Other 5 10%
Unknown 14 29%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 15. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 10 December 2022.
All research outputs
#2,359,285
of 25,223,158 outputs
Outputs from Clinical Epigenetics
#146
of 1,430 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#45,014
of 427,591 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Clinical Epigenetics
#2
of 22 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,223,158 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 90th percentile: it's in the top 10% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,430 research outputs from this source. They typically receive more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 8.4. This one has done well, scoring higher than 89% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 427,591 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 89% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 22 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 95% of its contemporaries.