Title |
Postnatally-transmitted HIV-1 Envelope variants have similar neutralization-sensitivity and function to that of nontransmitted breast milk variants
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Published in |
Retrovirology, January 2013
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DOI | 10.1186/1742-4690-10-3 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Genevieve G Fouda, Tatenda Mahlokozera, Jesus F Salazar-Gonzalez, Maria G Salazar, Gerald Learn, Surender B Kumar, S Moses Dennison, Elizabeth Russell, Katherine Rizzolo, Frederick Jaeger, Fangping Cai, Nathan A Vandergrift, Feng Gao, Beatrice Hahn, George M Shaw, Christina Ochsenbauer, Ronald Swanstrom, Steve Meshnick, Victor Mwapasa, Linda Kalilani, Susan Fiscus, David Montefiori, Barton Haynes, Jesse Kwiek, S Munir Alam, Sallie R Permar |
Abstract |
Breastfeeding is a leading cause of infant HIV-1 infection in the developing world, yet only a minority of infants exposed to HIV-1 via breastfeeding become infected. As a genetic bottleneck severely restricts the number of postnatally-transmitted variants, genetic or phenotypic properties of the virus Envelope (Env) could be important for the establishment of infant infection. We examined the efficiency of virologic functions required for initiation of infection in the gastrointestinal tract and the neutralization sensitivity of HIV-1 Env variants isolated from milk of three postnatally-transmitting mothers (n = 13 viruses), five clinically-matched nontransmitting mothers (n = 16 viruses), and seven postnatally-infected infants (n = 7 postnatally-transmitted/founder (T/F) viruses). |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 2 | 3% |
South Africa | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 72 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 17 | 23% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 10 | 13% |
Student > Bachelor | 7 | 9% |
Student > Master | 7 | 9% |
Other | 5 | 7% |
Other | 13 | 17% |
Unknown | 16 | 21% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 16 | 21% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 14 | 19% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 8 | 11% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 5 | 7% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 5% |
Other | 10 | 13% |
Unknown | 18 | 24% |