Title |
A data-driven approach links microglia to pathology and prognosis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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Published in |
Acta Neuropathologica Communications, March 2017
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DOI | 10.1186/s40478-017-0424-x |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Johnathan Cooper-Knock, Claire Green, Gabriel Altschuler, Wenbin Wei, Joanna J. Bury, Paul R. Heath, Matthew Wyles, Catherine Gelsthorpe, J. Robin Highley, Alejandro Lorente-Pons, Tim Beck, Kathryn Doyle, Karel Otero, Bryan Traynor, Janine Kirby, Pamela J. Shaw, Winston Hide |
Abstract |
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that lacks a predictive and broadly applicable biomarker. Continued focus on mutation-specific upstream mechanisms has yet to predict disease progression in the clinic. Utilising cellular pathology common to the majority of ALS patients, we implemented an objective transcriptome-driven approach to develop noninvasive prognostic biomarkers for disease progression. Genes expressed in laser captured motor neurons in direct correlation (Spearman rank correlation, p < 0.01) with counts of neuropathology were developed into co-expression network modules. Screening modules using three gene sets representing rate of disease progression and upstream genetic association with ALS led to the prioritisation of a single module enriched for immune response to motor neuron degeneration. Genes in the network module are important for microglial activation and predict disease progression in genetically heterogeneous ALS cohorts: Expression of three genes in peripheral lymphocytes - LILRA2, ITGB2 and CEBPD - differentiate patients with rapid and slowly progressive disease, suggesting promise as a blood-derived biomarker. TREM2 is a member of the network module and the level of soluble TREM2 protein in cerebrospinal fluid is shown to predict survival when measured in late stage disease (Spearman rank correlation, p = 0.01). Our data-driven systems approach has, for the first time, directly linked microglia to the development of motor neuron pathology. LILRA2, ITGB2 and CEBPD represent peripherally accessible candidate biomarkers and TREM2 provides a broadly applicable therapeutic target for ALS. |
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Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United Kingdom | 7 | 32% |
United States | 2 | 9% |
Switzerland | 2 | 9% |
Unknown | 11 | 50% |
Demographic breakdown
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Members of the public | 16 | 73% |
Scientists | 6 | 27% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Australia | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 107 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 24 | 22% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 23 | 21% |
Student > Bachelor | 12 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 10 | 9% |
Student > Master | 8 | 7% |
Other | 11 | 10% |
Unknown | 20 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Neuroscience | 30 | 28% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 18 | 17% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 14 | 13% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 5 | 5% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 5 | 5% |
Other | 14 | 13% |
Unknown | 22 | 20% |