Title |
The p53 response in single cells is linearly correlated to the number of DNA breaks without a distinct threshold
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Published in |
BMC Biology, November 2013
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DOI | 10.1186/1741-7007-11-114 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Alexander Loewer, Ketki Karanam, Caroline Mock, Galit Lahav |
Abstract |
The tumor suppressor protein p53 is activated by cellular stress. DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) induce the activation of the kinase ATM, which stabilizes p53 and activates its transcriptional activity. Single cell analysis revealed that DSBs induced by gamma irradiation trigger p53 accumulation in a series of pulses that vary in number from cell to cell. Higher levels of irradiation increase the number of p53 pulses suggesting that they arise from periodic examination of the damage by ATM. If damage persists, additional pulses of p53 are triggered. The threshold of damage required for activating a p53 pulse is unclear. Previous studies that averaged the response across cell populations suggested that one or two DNA breaks are sufficient for activating ATM and p53. However, it is possible that by averaging over a population of cells important features of the dependency between DNA breaks and p53 dynamics are missed. |
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