Atypical esthesioneuroblastoma invading oral cavity: a case report and review of the literature

Sandra Ventorin von Zeidler, Rafaela Guidi, Rita de Cássia Gonçalves Alencar, Renato Aguiar, Elismauro Francisco Mendonça, Aline Carvalho Batista, Rejane Faria Ribeiro-Rotta

Esthesioneuroblastoma is an uncommon tumour of neuroectodermal origin. The authors describe a rare presentation of an atypical esthesioneuroblastoma invading oral cavity. The clinical presentation, aetiology, diagnosis, and management of this condition are discussed. The patient developed significant swelling in the right anterosuperior alveolar mucosa and had moderate tooth mobility. Conventional x-rays and computed tomography revealed a large osteolytic lesion, with imprecise limits. Histological findings along with immunohistochemical staining results and clinical features led to the diagnosis of high-grade esthesioneuroblastoma. Local recurrences and neck metastasis were detected. The rare oral findings produced delayed in diagnosis which may lead to a compromise in planning and execution of further radical management and thus a poor prognosis.