Title |
The course of headache in patients with moderate-to-severe headache due to mild traumatic brain injury: a retrospective cross-sectional study
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Published in |
The Journal of Headache and Pain, April 2017
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DOI | 10.1186/s10194-017-0755-9 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Chang-Ki Hong, Jin-Yang Joo, Yu Shik Shim, Sook Young Sim, Min A Kwon, Yong Bae Kim, Joonho Chung |
Abstract |
Little is known about the long-term course of headache in patients with moderate-to-severe headache due to traumatic brain injury (TBI). We evaluated the course of headache in patients with moderate-to-severe headache due to mild TBI. Since September 2009, patients with TBI prospectively rated their headache using a numeric rating scale (NRS). From the database containing 935 patients with TBI between September 2009 and December 2013, 259 patients were included according to following criteria: (1) newly onset moderate-to-severe headache (NRS ≥ 4) due to head trauma; (2) age ≥ 15 years; (3) Glasgow Coma Scale ≥ 13; (4) transient loss of consciousness ≤ 30 min; and (5) radiographic evaluation, such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance image. We evaluated initial and follow-up NRS scores to determine the significance of NRS changes and identified risk factors for moderate-to-severe headache at 36-month follow-up. At 36-month follow-up, 225 patients (86.9%) reported improved headache (NRS ≤ 3) while 34 (13.1%) reported no improvement. The NRS scores were significantly decreased within a month (P < 0.001). The follow-up NRS scores at 12-, 24-, and 36-months were lower than those at one month (P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that post-traumatic seizure (odds ratio, 2.162; 95% CI, 1.095-6.542; P = 0.041) and traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (odds ratio, 2.854; 95% CI, 1.241-10.372; P = 0.024) were independent risk factors for moderate-to-severe headache at 36-month follow-up. The course of headache in patients with mild TBI continuously improved until 36-month follow-up. However, 13.1% of patients still suffered from moderate-to-severe headache at 36-month follow-up, for whom post-traumatic seizure and traumatic intracranial hemorrhage might be risk factors. |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 54 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 6 | 11% |
Other | 6 | 11% |
Student > Bachelor | 4 | 7% |
Researcher | 4 | 7% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 7% |
Other | 11 | 20% |
Unknown | 19 | 35% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Nursing and Health Professions | 13 | 24% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 13 | 24% |
Neuroscience | 4 | 7% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 2 | 4% |
Psychology | 1 | 2% |
Other | 3 | 6% |
Unknown | 18 | 33% |