Title |
Bone mineral density in people living with HIV: a narrative review of the literature
|
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Published in |
AIDS Research and Therapy, July 2017
|
DOI | 10.1186/s12981-017-0162-y |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
M. J. Kruger, T. A. Nell |
Abstract |
Bone health status is largely absent in South Africa, the main reasons being the absence and cost-effectiveness of specific screening equipment for assessing bone mineral density (BMD). Various risk factors seem to play a role, some of which can be modified to change bone health status. Urbanisation is also a public health concern. Changing nutritional, as well as social behaviour, play integral roles in the prevalence and incidence of decreased BMD. Furthermore, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) specifically, has a negative impact on BMD and although highly active antiretroviral therapy increases the prognosis for HIV-infected individuals, BMD still seem to decrease further. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry is considered the gold standard for BMD assessment; however, recent developments have provided more cost-effective screening methods, among which heel quantitative ultrasound appears to be the most widely used in resource limited countries such as South Africa. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 151 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 20 | 13% |
Student > Bachelor | 16 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 12 | 8% |
Researcher | 12 | 8% |
Student > Postgraduate | 11 | 7% |
Other | 22 | 15% |
Unknown | 58 | 38% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 41 | 27% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 9 | 6% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 5 | 3% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 5 | 3% |
Social Sciences | 5 | 3% |
Other | 22 | 15% |
Unknown | 64 | 42% |