Title |
Switching and emergence of CTL epitopes in HIV-1 infection
|
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Published in |
Retrovirology, May 2014
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DOI | 10.1186/1742-4690-11-38 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Chungyong Han, Ai Kawana-Tachikawa, Akihisa Shimizu, Dayong Zhu, Hitomi Nakamura, Eisuke Adachi, Tadashi Kikuchi, Michiko Koga, Tomohiko Koibuchi, George F Gao, Yusuke Sato, Atsushi Yamagata, Eric Martin, Shuya Fukai, Zabrina L Brumme, Aikichi Iwamoto |
Abstract |
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I restricted Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTLs) exert substantial evolutionary pressure on HIV-1, as evidenced by the reproducible selection of HLA-restricted immune escape mutations in the viral genome. An escape mutation from tyrosine to phenylalanine at the 135th amino acid (Y135F) of the HIV-1 nef gene is frequently observed in patients with HLA-A*24:02, an HLA Class I allele expressed in ~70% of Japanese persons. The selection of CTL escape mutations could theoretically result in the de novo creation of novel epitopes, however, the extent to which such dynamic "CTL epitope switching" occurs in HIV-1 remains incompletely known. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United Kingdom | 1 | 33% |
Spain | 1 | 33% |
Unknown | 1 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 3 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 30 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 5 | 17% |
Student > Bachelor | 4 | 13% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 4 | 13% |
Student > Master | 3 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 7% |
Other | 2 | 7% |
Unknown | 10 | 33% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 5 | 17% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 13% |
Engineering | 3 | 10% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 3 | 10% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 3 | 10% |
Other | 2 | 7% |
Unknown | 10 | 33% |