Title |
Secondary bile acids: an underrecognized cause of colon cancer
|
---|---|
Published in |
World Journal of Surgical Oncology, May 2014
|
DOI | 10.1186/1477-7819-12-164 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Hana Ajouz, Deborah Mukherji, Ali Shamseddine |
Abstract |
Bile acids were first proposed as carcinogens in 1939. Since then, accumulated evidence has linked exposure of cells of the gastrointestinal tract to repeated high physiologic levels of bile acids as an important risk factor for gastrointestinal cancers. High exposure to bile acids may occur in a number of settings, but most importantly, is prevalent among individuals who have a high dietary fat intake. A rapid effect on cells of high bile acid exposure is the generation of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, disruption of the cell membrane and mitochondria, induction of DNA damage, mutation and apoptosis, and development of reduced apoptosis capability upon chronic exposure. Here, we review the substantial evidence of the mechanism of secondary bile acids and their role in colon cancer. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Italy | 1 | 17% |
United States | 1 | 17% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 17% |
Japan | 1 | 17% |
Unknown | 2 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Scientists | 2 | 33% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 33% |
Members of the public | 2 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 2 | <1% |
France | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 370 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 70 | 19% |
Student > Master | 51 | 14% |
Student > Bachelor | 48 | 13% |
Researcher | 42 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 26 | 7% |
Other | 55 | 15% |
Unknown | 81 | 22% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 80 | 21% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 66 | 18% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 54 | 14% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 23 | 6% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 11 | 3% |
Other | 44 | 12% |
Unknown | 95 | 25% |