Title |
Phylogenomics reveals subfamilies of fungal nonribosomal peptide synthetases and their evolutionary relationships
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Published in |
BMC Ecology and Evolution, January 2010
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DOI | 10.1186/1471-2148-10-26 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Kathryn E Bushley, B Gillian Turgeon |
Abstract |
Nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are multimodular enzymes, found in fungi and bacteria, which biosynthesize peptides without the aid of ribosomes. Although their metabolite products have been the subject of intense investigation due to their life-saving roles as medicinals and injurious roles as mycotoxins and virulence factors, little is known of the phylogenetic relationships of the corresponding NRPSs or whether they can be ranked into subgroups of common function. We identified genes (NPS) encoding NRPS and NRPS-like proteins in 38 fungal genomes and undertook phylogenomic analyses in order to identify fungal NRPS subfamilies, assess taxonomic distribution, evaluate levels of conservation across subfamilies, and address mechanisms of evolution of multimodular NRPSs. We also characterized relationships of fungal NRPSs, a representative sampling of bacterial NRPSs, and related adenylating enzymes, including alpha-aminoadipate reductases (AARs) involved in lysine biosynthesis in fungi. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 2 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Scientists | 1 | 50% |
Members of the public | 1 | 50% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United States | 5 | 2% |
Denmark | 2 | <1% |
Brazil | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
France | 1 | <1% |
New Zealand | 1 | <1% |
Germany | 1 | <1% |
Canada | 1 | <1% |
Mexico | 1 | <1% |
Other | 0 | 0% |
Unknown | 243 | 95% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 62 | 24% |
Researcher | 49 | 19% |
Student > Bachelor | 29 | 11% |
Student > Master | 26 | 10% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 15 | 6% |
Other | 37 | 14% |
Unknown | 39 | 15% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 124 | 48% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 55 | 21% |
Chemistry | 11 | 4% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 6 | 2% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 1% |
Other | 10 | 4% |
Unknown | 48 | 19% |