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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
The potential mechanistic link between allergy and obesity development and infant formula feeding
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, July 2014
|
| DOI | 10.1186/1710-1492-10-37 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Bodo C Melnik |
| Abstract |
This article provides a new view of the cellular mechanisms that have been proposed to explain the links between infant formula feeding and the development of atopy and obesity. Epidemiological evidence points to an allergy- and obesity-preventive effect of breastfeeding. Both allergy and obesity development have been traced back to accelerated growth early in life. The nutrient-sensitive kinase mTORC1 is the master regulator of cell growth, which is predominantly activated by amino acids. In contrast to breastfeeding, artificial infant formula feeding bears the risk of uncontrolled excessive protein intake overactivating the infant's mTORC1 signalling pathways. Overactivated mTORC1 enhances S6K1-mediated adipocyte differentiation, but negatively regulates growth and differentiation of FoxP3(+) regulatory T-cells (Tregs), which are deficient in atopic individuals. Thus, the "early protein hypothesis" not only explains increased mTORC1-mediated infant growth but also the development of mTORC1-driven diseases such as allergy and obesity due to a postnatal deviation from the appropriate axis of mTORC1-driven metabolic and immunologic programming. Remarkably, intake of fresh unpasteurized cow's milk exhibits an allergy-preventive effect in farm children associated with increased FoxP3(+) Treg numbers. In contrast to unprocessed cow's milk, formula lacks bioactive immune-regulatory microRNAs, such as microRNA-155, which plays a major role in FoxP3 expression. Uncontrolled excessive protein supply by formula feeding associated with the absence of bioactive microRNAs and bifidobacteria in formula apparently in a synergistic way result in insufficient Treg maturation. Treg deficiency allows Th2-cell differentiation promoting the development of allergic diseases. Formula-induced mTORC1 overactivation is thus the critical mechanism that explains accelerated postnatal growth, allergy and obesity development on one aberrant pathway. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 21 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 4 | 19% |
| Colombia | 1 | 5% |
| Brazil | 1 | 5% |
| Spain | 1 | 5% |
| Germany | 1 | 5% |
| Canada | 1 | 5% |
| Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 1 | 5% |
| New Zealand | 1 | 5% |
| Unknown | 10 | 48% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 14 | 67% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 6 | 29% |
| Scientists | 1 | 5% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 111 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Mexico | 1 | <1% |
| Brazil | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 109 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 22 | 20% |
| Student > Master | 15 | 14% |
| Student > Bachelor | 15 | 14% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 13 | 12% |
| Other | 7 | 6% |
| Other | 16 | 14% |
| Unknown | 23 | 21% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 34 | 31% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 19 | 17% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 11 | 10% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 10 | 9% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 3 | 3% |
| Other | 9 | 8% |
| Unknown | 25 | 23% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 14. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 29 November 2019.
All research outputs
#2,568,640
of 25,497,142 outputs
Outputs from Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology
#144
of 926 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#24,844
of 239,517 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology
#3
of 15 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,497,142 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 89th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 926 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 13.9. This one has done well, scoring higher than 84% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 239,517 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 89% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 15 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done well, scoring higher than 80% of its contemporaries.