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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
In-vitro evaluation of Polylactic acid (PLA) manufactured by fused deposition modeling
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Journal of Biological Engineering, September 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1186/s13036-017-0073-4 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Matthias C. Wurm, Tobias Möst, Bastian Bergauer, Dominik Rietzel, Friedrich Wilhelm Neukam, Sandra C. Cifuentes, Cornelius von Wilmowsky |
| Abstract |
With additive manufacturing (AM) individual and biocompatible implants can be generated by using suitable materials. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological effects of polylactic acid (PLA) manufactured by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) on osteoblasts in vitro according to European Norm / International Organization for Standardization 10,993-5. Human osteoblasts (hFOB 1.19) were seeded onto PLA samples produced by FDM and investigated for cell viability by fluorescence staining after 24 h. Cell proliferation was measured after 1, 3, 7 and 10 days by cell-counting and cell morphology was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. For control, we used titanium samples and polystyrene (PS). Cell viability showed higher viability on PLA (95,3% ± 2.1%) than in control (91,7% ±2,7%). Cell proliferation was highest in the control group (polystyrene) and higher on PLA samples compared to the titanium samples. Scanning electron microscopy revealed homogenous covering of sample surface with regularly spread cells on PLA as well as on titanium. The manufacturing of PLA discs from polylactic acid using FDM was successful. The in vitro investigation with human fetal osteoblasts showed no cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, FDM does not seem to alter biocompatibility of PLA. Nonetheless osteoblasts showed reduced growth on PLA compared to the polystyrene control within the cell experiments. This could be attributed to surface roughness and possible release of residual monomers. Those influences could be investigated in further studies and thus lead to improvement in the additive manufacturing process. In addition, further research focused on the effect of PLA on bone growth should follow. In summary, PLA processed in Fused Deposition Modelling seems to be an attractive material and method for reconstructive surgery because of their biocompatibility and the possibility to produce individually shaped scaffolds. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 182 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 182 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 37 | 20% |
| Student > Master | 26 | 14% |
| Researcher | 18 | 10% |
| Student > Bachelor | 18 | 10% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 13 | 7% |
| Other | 17 | 9% |
| Unknown | 53 | 29% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Engineering | 43 | 24% |
| Materials Science | 19 | 10% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 15 | 8% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 9 | 5% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 9 | 5% |
| Other | 24 | 13% |
| Unknown | 63 | 35% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 19 September 2017.
All research outputs
#20,447,499
of 23,002,898 outputs
Outputs from Journal of Biological Engineering
#238
of 265 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#276,076
of 316,004 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Journal of Biological Engineering
#9
of 9 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,002,898 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 265 research outputs from this source. They typically receive more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 7.7. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 316,004 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 1st percentile – i.e., 1% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 9 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one.