Title |
Causes of endemic radiation in the Caribbean: evidence from the historical biogeography and diversification of the butterfly genus Calisto(Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini)
|
---|---|
Published in |
BMC Ecology and Evolution, September 2014
|
DOI | 10.1186/s12862-014-0199-7 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Pável Matos-Maraví, Rayner Núñez Águila, Carlos Peña, Jacqueline Y Miller, Andrei Sourakov, Niklas Wahlberg |
Abstract |
Calisto is the largest butterfly genus in the West Indies but its systematics, historical biogeography and the causes of its diversification have not been previously rigorously evaluated. Several studies attempting to explain the wide-ranging diversity of Calisto gave different weights to vicariance, dispersal and adaptive radiation. We utilized molecular phylogenetic approaches and secondary calibrations points to estimate lineage ages. In addition, we used the dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis model and Caribbean paleogeographical information to reconstruct ancestral geographical distributions. We also evaluated different models of diversification to estimate the dynamics of lineage radiation within Calisto. By understanding the evolution of Calisto butterflies, we attempt to identify the main processes acting on insular insect diversity and the causes of its origin and its maintenance. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 3 | 25% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 8% |
Peru | 1 | 8% |
Unknown | 7 | 58% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 6 | 50% |
Scientists | 5 | 42% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 8% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Brazil | 2 | 3% |
Cuba | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 76 | 96% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 22 | 28% |
Student > Master | 10 | 13% |
Student > Bachelor | 9 | 11% |
Researcher | 8 | 10% |
Professor | 6 | 8% |
Other | 10 | 13% |
Unknown | 14 | 18% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 42 | 53% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 10 | 13% |
Environmental Science | 5 | 6% |
Computer Science | 2 | 3% |
Business, Management and Accounting | 2 | 3% |
Other | 3 | 4% |
Unknown | 15 | 19% |