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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Environmental exposures and the risk of multiple sclerosis investigated in a Norwegian case-control study
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|---|---|
| Published in |
BMC Neurology, October 2014
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| DOI | 10.1186/s12883-014-0196-x |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Marte Wendel Gustavsen, Christian Magnus Page, Stine Marit Moen, Anja Bjølgerudl, Pål Berg-Hansen, Gro Owren Nygaard, Leiv Sandvik, Benedicte Alexandra Lie, Elisabeth Gulowsen Celius, Hanne F Harbo |
| Abstract |
BackgroundSeveral environmental exposures, including infection with Epstein-Barr virus, low levels of vitamin D and smoking are established risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS). Also, high hygienic standard and infection with parasites have been proposed to influence MS risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of various environmental exposures on MS risk in a Norwegian cohort, focusing on factors during childhood related to the hygiene hypothesis.MethodsA questionnaire concerning environmental exposures, lifestyle, demographics and comorbidity was administrated to 756 Norwegian MS patients and 1090 healthy controls. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for the risk of MS associated with the variables infectious mononucleosis, severe infection during childhood, vaccination and animals in the household during childhood. Age, gender, HLA-DRB1*15:01, smoking and infectious mononucleosis were included as covariates. General environmental exposures, including tobacco use, were also evaluated.ResultsInfectious mononucleosis was confirmed to be significantly associated with increased MS risk, also after adjusting for the covariates (OR¿=¿1.79, 95% CI: 1.12-2.87, p¿=¿0.016). The controls more often reported growing up with a cat and/or a dog in the household, and this was significant for ownership of cat also after adjusting for the covariates (OR¿=¿0.56, 95% CI: 0.40-0.78, p¿=¿0.001). More patients than controls reported smoking and fewer patients reported snuff use.ConclusionsIn this Norwegian MS case¿control study of environmental exposures, we replicate that infectious mononucleosis and smoking are associated with increased MS risk. Our data also indicate a protective effect on MS of exposure to cats during childhood, in accordance with the hypothesis that risk of autoimmune diseases like MS may increase with high hygienic standard. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 5 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 2 | 40% |
| Unknown | 3 | 60% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 3 | 60% |
| Scientists | 1 | 20% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 105 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Norway | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 104 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Bachelor | 23 | 22% |
| Researcher | 13 | 12% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 11 | 10% |
| Student > Master | 11 | 10% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 10 | 10% |
| Other | 17 | 16% |
| Unknown | 20 | 19% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Medicine and Dentistry | 33 | 31% |
| Neuroscience | 10 | 10% |
| Nursing and Health Professions | 9 | 9% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 6 | 6% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 5 | 5% |
| Other | 19 | 18% |
| Unknown | 23 | 22% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 13. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 24 December 2018.
All research outputs
#2,527,453
of 24,086,561 outputs
Outputs from BMC Neurology
#249
of 2,561 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#28,626
of 258,369 outputs
Outputs of similar age from BMC Neurology
#3
of 36 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 24,086,561 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done well and is in the 89th percentile: it's in the top 25% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,561 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 7.0. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 90% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 258,369 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has done well, scoring higher than 88% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 36 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 94% of its contemporaries.