Title |
Alcohol diluent provides the optimal formulation for calcium chloride non-surgical sterilization in dogs
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Published in |
Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, October 2014
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DOI | 10.1186/s13028-014-0062-2 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Raffaella Leoci, Giulio Aiudi, Fabio Silvestre, Elaine A Lissner, Giovanni M Lacalandra |
Abstract |
Surgical castration is widely used to sterilize male dogs, but has significant impacts on time to perform the operation, recovery of the animals as well as cost, which can limit population control programs. Previous research has shown intratesticular injection of calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl2) in saline to be a promising alternative to surgery. However, long-term azoospermia was not maintained at dosages low enough to avoid side effects. In the search for an optimized formulation, the current investigation is the first study on long-term sterilization effects of intratesticular injection of CaCl2 in either lidocaine solution or alcohol in dogs. CaCl2 at 20% concentration in lidocaine solution or alcohol was administered via intratesticular injection to groups of 21 dogs each. The treated animals were examined at 2, 6, and 12 months for sperm production, blood levels of testosterone, and side effects; at time zero and 12 months for testicular size and semen volume. The experimentally treated animals were compared to a control group receiving saline injection only. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 2 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 2 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 58 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 13 | 22% |
Student > Bachelor | 8 | 14% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 7 | 12% |
Researcher | 6 | 10% |
Student > Postgraduate | 3 | 5% |
Other | 7 | 12% |
Unknown | 14 | 24% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 21 | 36% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 10 | 17% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 4 | 7% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 2 | 3% |
Chemistry | 2 | 3% |
Other | 4 | 7% |
Unknown | 15 | 26% |