Title |
Vancomycin population pharmacokinetics during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy: a matched cohort study
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Published in |
Critical Care, November 2014
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DOI | 10.1186/s13054-014-0632-8 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Katia Donadello, Jason A Roberts, Stefano Cristallini, Marjorie Beumier, Kiran Shekar, Frédérique Jacobs, Asmae Belhaj, Jean-Louis Vincent, Daniel de Backer, Fabio Silvio Taccone |
Abstract |
IntroductionThe aim of this study was to describe the population pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in critically ill patients treated with and without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed data from critically ill patients treated with ECMO and matched controls who received a continuous infusion of vancomycin (35 mg/kg loading dose over 4 hours followed by a daily infusion adapted to creatinine clearance, CrCl)). The pharmacokinetics of vancomycin were described using non-linear mixed effects modeling.ResultsWe compared 11 patients treated with ECMO with 11 well-matched controls. Drug dosing was similar between groups. The median interquartile range (IQR) vancomycin concentrations in ECMO and non-ECMO patients were 51 (28 to 71) versus 45 (37 to 71) mg/L at 4 hours; 23 (16 to 38) versus 29 (21 to 35) mg/L at 12 hours; 20 (12 to 36) versus 23 (17¿28) mg/L at 24 hours (ANOVA, P =0.53). Median (ranges) volume of distribution (Vd) was 99.3 (49.1 to 212.3) and 92.3 (22.4 to 149.4) L in ECMO and non-ECMO patients, respectively, and clearance 2.4 (1.7 to 4.9) versus 2.3 (1.8 to 3.6) L/h (not significant). Insufficient drug concentrations (that is drug levels <20 mg/dL) were more common in the ECMO group. The pharmacokinetic model (non-linear mixed effects modeling) was prospectively validated in five additional ECMO-treated patients over a 6-month period. Linear regression analysis comparing the observed concentrations and those predicted using the model showed good correlation (r2 of 0.67; P <0.001).ConclusionsVancomycin concentrations were similar between ECMO and non-ECMO patients in the early phase of therapy. ECMO treatment was not associated with significant changes in Vd and drug clearance compared with the control patients. |
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Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United Kingdom | 3 | 20% |
India | 1 | 7% |
Belgium | 1 | 7% |
Malaysia | 1 | 7% |
Spain | 1 | 7% |
Colombia | 1 | 7% |
Italy | 1 | 7% |
Canada | 1 | 7% |
Unknown | 5 | 33% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 7 | 47% |
Scientists | 4 | 27% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 13% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 13% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Germany | 1 | 1% |
Brazil | 1 | 1% |
Unknown | 82 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Other | 11 | 13% |
Researcher | 11 | 13% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 10 | 12% |
Student > Postgraduate | 8 | 10% |
Student > Master | 7 | 8% |
Other | 15 | 18% |
Unknown | 22 | 26% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 33 | 39% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 19 | 23% |
Environmental Science | 1 | 1% |
Arts and Humanities | 1 | 1% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 1 | 1% |
Other | 3 | 4% |
Unknown | 26 | 31% |