Title |
Toxic cocaine- and convulsant-induced modification of forced swimming behaviors and their interaction with ethanol: comparison with immobilization stress
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Published in |
BMC Pharmacology, November 2002
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DOI | 10.1186/1471-2210-2-19 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Tamaki Hayase, Yoshiko Yamamoto, Keiichi Yamamoto |
Abstract |
Swimming behaviors in the forced swimming test have been reported to be depressed by stressors. Since toxic convulsion-inducing drugs related to dopamine [cocaine (COC)], benzodiazepine [methyl 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-carboxylate (DMCM)], gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) [bicuculline (BIC)], and glutamate [N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)] receptors can function as stressors, the present study compared their effects on the forced swimming behaviors with the effects of immobilization stress (IM) in rats. Their interactions with ethanol (EtOH), the most frequently coabused drug with COC which also induces convulsions as withdrawal symptoms but interferes with the convulsions caused by other drugs, were also investigated. |
X Demographics
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United States | 1 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 1 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 20 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Student > Bachelor | 6 | 30% |
Professor > Associate Professor | 3 | 15% |
Professor | 2 | 10% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 2 | 10% |
Researcher | 2 | 10% |
Other | 2 | 10% |
Unknown | 3 | 15% |
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Nursing and Health Professions | 2 | 10% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 2 | 10% |
Psychology | 2 | 10% |
Sports and Recreations | 2 | 10% |
Other | 2 | 10% |
Unknown | 6 | 30% |