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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Azoramide, a novel regulator, favors adipogenesis against osteogenesis through inhibiting the GLP-1 receptor-PKA-β-catenin pathway

Overview of attention for article published in Stem Cell Research & Therapy, March 2018
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Title
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Azoramide, a novel regulator, favors adipogenesis against osteogenesis through inhibiting the GLP-1 receptor-PKA-β-catenin pathway
Published in
Stem Cell Research & Therapy, March 2018
DOI 10.1186/s13287-018-0771-y
Pubmed ID
Authors

Banjun Ruan, Zheng Zhu, Zhao Yan, Wei Yang, Dongsheng Zhai, Li Wang, Zichen Ye, Huanyu Lu, An Xiang, Jingwei Liang, Yinghao Jiang, Chengming Xu, Zhenyu Wang, Ming Wei, Xiaoying Lei, Xiaorui Cao, Zifan Lu

Abstract

The reciprocal fate decision of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to either bone or adipocytes is determined by Wnt-related signaling and the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). Azoramide, an ER stress alleviator, was reported to have an antidiabetic effect. In this study, we investigated the function of azoramide in regulating the lineage determination of MSCs for either adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation. In this study, microcomputed tomography and histological analysis on bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)2-induced parietal periosteum bone formation assays, C3H10T1/2 and mouse bone marrow MSC-derived bone formation and adipogenesis assays, and specific staining for bone tissue and lipid droplets were used to evaluate the role of azoramide on the lineage determination of MSC differentiation. Cells were harvested for Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunofluorescence staining was used to explore the potential mechanism of azoramide for regulating MSC differentiation. Based on MSC-derived bone formation assays both in vivo and in vitro, azoramide treatment displayed a cell fate determining ability in favor of adipogenesis over osteogenesis. Further mechanistic characterizations disclosed that both the GLP-1R agonist peptide exendin-4 (Ex-4) and GLP-1R small interfering (si)RNA abrogated azoramide dual effects. Moreover, cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated nuclear β-catenin activity was responsible for the negative function of azoramide on bone formation in favor of adipogenesis. These data provide the first evidence to show that azoramide may serve as an antagonist against GLP-1R in MSC lineage determination.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 12 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 12 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Master 3 25%
Student > Bachelor 3 25%
Other 2 17%
Professor 1 8%
Professor > Associate Professor 1 8%
Other 0 0%
Unknown 2 17%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Medicine and Dentistry 2 17%
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine 1 8%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 1 8%
Chemical Engineering 1 8%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 1 8%
Other 1 8%
Unknown 5 42%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 13 March 2018.
All research outputs
#13,230,515
of 23,026,672 outputs
Outputs from Stem Cell Research & Therapy
#905
of 2,429 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#165,043
of 332,332 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Stem Cell Research & Therapy
#30
of 66 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,026,672 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 42nd percentile – i.e., 42% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,429 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.1. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 62% of its peers.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 332,332 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 49th percentile – i.e., 49% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 66 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 54% of its contemporaries.