Title |
Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte dynamics after pyronaridine–artesunate or artemether–lumefantrine treatment
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Published in |
Malaria Journal, June 2018
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DOI | 10.1186/s12936-018-2373-7 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Johanna M. Roth, Patrick Sawa, George Omweri, Victor Osoti, Nicodemus Makio, John Bradley, Teun Bousema, Henk D. F. H. Schallig, Pètra F. Mens |
Abstract |
Artemisinin-based combinations differ in their impact on gametocyte prevalence and density. This study assessed female and male gametocyte dynamics after treating children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria with either pyronaridine-artesunate (PA) or artemether-lumefantrine (AL). Kenyan children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria were included and randomly assigned to PA or AL treatment. Filter paper blood samples were collected as a source of RNA for quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and nucleic acid sequence based amplification (QT-NASBA) to detect female gametocytes (targeting Pfs25 mRNA). Male gametocytes were detected by qRT-PCR (targeting PfMGET mRNA). Duration of gametocyte carriage, the female and male gametocyte response and the agreement between qRT-PCR and QT-NASBA were determined. The mean duration of female gametocyte carriage was significantly longer for PA (4.9 days) than for AL (3.8 days) as estimated by QT-NASBA (P = 0.036), but this difference was less clear when determined by Pfs25 qRT-PCR (4.5 days for PA and 3.7 for AL, P = 0.166). qRT-PCR based female gametocyte prevalence decreased from 100% (75/75) at baseline to 6.06% (4/66) at day 14 in the AL group and from 97.7% (83/85) to 13.9% (11/79) in the PA group. Male gametocyte prevalence decreased from 41.3% (31/75) at baseline to 19.7% (13/66) at day 14 in the AL group and from 35.3% (30/85) to 22.8% (18/79) in the PA group. There was good agreement between Pfs25 qRT-PCR and QT-NASBA female gametocyte prevalence (0.85, 95% CI 0.82-0.87). This study indicates that female gametocyte clearance may be slightly faster after AL compared to PA. Male gametocytes showed similar post-treatment clearance between study arms. Future studies should further address potential differences between the post-treatment transmission potential after PA compared to AL. Trial registration This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov under NCT02411994. Registration date: 8 April 2015. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02411994?term=pyronaridine-artesunate&cond=Malaria&cntry=KE&rank=1. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of | 1 | 14% |
Brazil | 1 | 14% |
Australia | 1 | 14% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 14% |
Unknown | 3 | 43% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Scientists | 3 | 43% |
Members of the public | 3 | 43% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 14% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 65 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 10 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 9 | 14% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 8 | 12% |
Student > Master | 7 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 8% |
Other | 11 | 17% |
Unknown | 15 | 23% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 12 | 18% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 8 | 12% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 5 | 8% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 5 | 8% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 4 | 6% |
Other | 13 | 20% |
Unknown | 18 | 28% |