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The immune response of stem cells in subretinal transplantation

Overview of attention for article published in Stem Cell Research & Therapy, September 2015
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Title
The immune response of stem cells in subretinal transplantation
Published in
Stem Cell Research & Therapy, September 2015
DOI 10.1186/s13287-015-0167-1
Pubmed ID
Authors

Bikun Xian, Bing Huang

Abstract

Stem cell transplantation is a potential curative treatment for degenerative diseases of the retina. Among cell injection sites, the subretinal space (SRS) is particularly advantageous as it is maintained as an immune privileged site by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer. Thus, the success of subretinal transplantation depends on maintenance of RPE integrity. Moreover, both embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have negligible immunogenicity and in fact are immunosuppressive. Indeed, many studies have demonstrated that immunosuppressive drugs are not necessary for subretinal transplantation of stem cells if the blood-retinal barrier is not breached during surgery. The immunogenicity of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) appears more complex, and requires careful study before clinical application. Despite low rates of graft rejection in animal models, survival rates for ESCs, MSCs, and iPSCs in retina are generally poor, possibly due to resident microglia activated by cell transplantation. To improve graft survival in SRS transplantation, damage to the blood-retinal barrier must be minimized using appropriate surgical techniques. In addition, agents that inhibit microglial activation may be required. Finally, immunosuppressants may be required, at least temporarily, until the blood-retinal barrier heals. We review surgical methods and drug regimens to enhance the likelihood of graft survival after SRS transplantation.

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X Demographics

The data shown below were collected from the profile of 1 X user who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 81 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
United Kingdom 1 1%
Ireland 1 1%
Unknown 79 98%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Student > Bachelor 13 16%
Student > Master 12 15%
Researcher 11 14%
Student > Ph. D. Student 8 10%
Student > Doctoral Student 5 6%
Other 13 16%
Unknown 19 23%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Medicine and Dentistry 18 22%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 14 17%
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 14 17%
Neuroscience 4 5%
Business, Management and Accounting 1 1%
Other 8 10%
Unknown 22 27%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 1. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 16 September 2015.
All research outputs
#17,773,420
of 22,828,180 outputs
Outputs from Stem Cell Research & Therapy
#1,586
of 2,420 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#181,031
of 268,600 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Stem Cell Research & Therapy
#34
of 52 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 22,828,180 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 19th percentile – i.e., 19% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 2,420 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 5.0. This one is in the 28th percentile – i.e., 28% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 268,600 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 27th percentile – i.e., 27% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 52 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 28th percentile – i.e., 28% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.