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X Demographics
Mendeley readers
Attention Score in Context
| Title |
Rise of multiple insecticide resistance in Anopheles funestus in Malawi: a major concern for malaria vector control
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Malaria Journal, September 2015
|
| DOI | 10.1186/s12936-015-0877-y |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Jacob M. Riveron, Martin Chiumia, Benjamin D. Menze, Kayla G. Barnes, Helen Irving, Sulaiman S. Ibrahim, Gareth D. Weedall, Themba Mzilahowa, Charles S. Wondji |
| Abstract |
Deciphering the dynamics and evolution of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors is crucial for successful vector control. This study reports an increase of resistance intensity and a rise of multiple insecticide resistance in Anopheles funestus in Malawi leading to reduced bed net efficacy. Anopheles funestus group mosquitoes were collected in southern Malawi and the species composition, Plasmodium infection rate, susceptibility to insecticides and molecular bases of the resistance were analysed. Mosquito collection revealed a predominance of An. funestus group mosquitoes with a high hybrid rate (12.2 %) suggesting extensive species hybridization. An. funestus sensu stricto was the main Plasmodium vector (4.8 % infection). Consistently high levels of resistance to pyrethroid and carbamate insecticides were recorded and had increased between 2009 and 2014. Furthermore, the 2014 collection exhibited multiple insecticide resistance, notably to DDT, contrary to 2009. Increased pyrethroid resistance correlates with reduced efficacy of bed nets (<5 % mortality by Olyset(®) net), which can compromise control efforts. This change in resistance dynamics is mirrored by prevalent resistance mechanisms, firstly with increased over-expression of key pyrethroid resistance genes (CYP6Pa/b and CYP6M7) in 2014 and secondly, detection of the A296S-RDL dieldrin resistance mutation for the first time. However, the L119F-GSTe2 and kdr mutations were absent. Such increased resistance levels and rise of multiple resistance highlight the need to rapidly implement resistance management strategies to preserve the effectiveness of existing insecticide-based control interventions. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 4 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 4 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 3 | 75% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 25% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 197 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | 2 | 1% |
| United States | 1 | <1% |
| Malawi | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 193 | 98% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Researcher | 36 | 18% |
| Student > Master | 34 | 17% |
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 31 | 16% |
| Student > Bachelor | 11 | 6% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 10 | 5% |
| Other | 25 | 13% |
| Unknown | 50 | 25% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 46 | 23% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 32 | 16% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 20 | 10% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 12 | 6% |
| Environmental Science | 9 | 5% |
| Other | 27 | 14% |
| Unknown | 51 | 26% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 2. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 16 September 2015.
All research outputs
#15,024,517
of 24,294,766 outputs
Outputs from Malaria Journal
#3,931
of 5,804 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#138,942
of 273,569 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Malaria Journal
#84
of 134 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 24,294,766 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 37th percentile – i.e., 37% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 5,804 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a little more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 7.0. This one is in the 28th percentile – i.e., 28% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 273,569 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one is in the 47th percentile – i.e., 47% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.
We're also able to compare this research output to 134 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 35th percentile – i.e., 35% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.