Title |
Grading fluorescein angiograms in malarial retinopathy
|
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Published in |
Malaria Journal, September 2015
|
DOI | 10.1186/s12936-015-0897-7 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Ian J. C. MacCormick, Richard J. Maude, Nicholas A. V. Beare, Shyamanga Borooah, Simon Glover, David Parry, Sophie Leach, Malcolm E. Molyneux, Baljean Dhillon, Susan Lewallen, Simon P. Harding |
Abstract |
Malarial retinopathy is an important finding in Plasmodium falciparum cerebral malaria, since it strengthens diagnostic accuracy, predicts clinical outcome and appears to parallel cerebral disease processes. Several angiographic features of malarial retinopathy have been described, but observations in different populations can only be reliably compared if consistent methodology is used to capture and grade retinal images. Currently no grading scheme exists for fluorescein angiographic features of malarial retinopathy. A grading scheme for fluorescein angiographic images was devised based on consensus opinion of clinicians and researchers experienced in malarial retinopathy in children and adults. Dual grading were performed with adjudication of admission fluorescein images from a large cohort of children with cerebral malaria. A grading scheme is described and standard images are provided to facilitate future grading studies. Inter-grader agreement was >70 % for most variables. Intravascular filling defects are difficult to grade and tended to have lower inter-grader agreement (>57 %) compared to other features. This grading scheme provides a consistent way to describe retinal vascular damage in paediatric cerebral malaria, and can facilitate comparisons of angiographic features of malarial retinopathy between different patient groups, and analysis against clinical outcomes. Inter-grader agreement is reasonable for the majority of angiographic signs. Dual grading with expert adjudication should be used to maximize accuracy. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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United Kingdom | 1 | 25% |
Unknown | 3 | 75% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
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Members of the public | 3 | 75% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 25% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
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Unknown | 29 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
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Researcher | 8 | 28% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 3 | 10% |
Other | 2 | 7% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 2 | 7% |
Lecturer > Senior Lecturer | 2 | 7% |
Other | 6 | 21% |
Unknown | 6 | 21% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
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Medicine and Dentistry | 13 | 45% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 2 | 7% |
Economics, Econometrics and Finance | 2 | 7% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 1 | 3% |
Computer Science | 1 | 3% |
Other | 4 | 14% |
Unknown | 6 | 21% |