Title |
Intranasal administration of poly-gamma glutamate induced antiviral activity and protective immune responses against H1N1 influenza A virus infection
|
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Published in |
Virology Journal, October 2015
|
DOI | 10.1186/s12985-015-0387-0 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Eun-Ha Kim, Young-Ki Choi, Chul-Joong Kim, Moon-Hee Sung, Haryoung Poo |
Abstract |
The global outbreak of a novel swine-origin strain of the 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus and the sudden, worldwide increase in oseltamivir-resistant H1N1 influenza A viruses highlight the urgent need for novel antiviral therapy. Here, we investigated the antiviral efficacy of poly-gamma glutamate (γ-PGA), a safe and edible biomaterial that is naturally synthesized by Bacillus subtilis, against A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (PR8) and A/California/04/2009 (CA04) H1N1 influenza A virus infections in C57BL/6 mice. Intranasal administration of γ-PGA for 5 days post-infection improved survival, increased production of antiviral cytokines including interferon-beta (IFN-β) and interleukin-12 (IL-12), and enhanced activation of natural killer (NK) cells and influenza antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activity. These results suggest that γ-PGA protects mice against H1N1 influenza A virus by enhancing antiviral immune responses. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 5 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 4 | 80% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 20% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 17 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 5 | 29% |
Researcher | 5 | 29% |
Other | 2 | 12% |
Professor | 1 | 6% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 1 | 6% |
Other | 2 | 12% |
Unknown | 1 | 6% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Immunology and Microbiology | 5 | 29% |
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 4 | 24% |
Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medicine | 1 | 6% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 1 | 6% |
Chemical Engineering | 1 | 6% |
Other | 2 | 12% |
Unknown | 3 | 18% |