Title |
From institutionalization of user fees to their abolition in West Africa: a story of pilot projects and public policies
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Published in |
BMC Health Services Research, November 2015
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DOI | 10.1186/1472-6963-15-s3-s6 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Valéry Ridde |
Abstract |
This article analyzes the historical background of the institutionalization of user fees and their subsequent abolition in West Africa. Based on a narrative review, we present the context that frames the different articles in this supplement. We first show that a general consensus has emerged internationally against user fees, which were imposed widely in Africa in the 1980s and 1990s; at that time, the institutionalization of user fees was supported by evidence from pilot projects funded by international aid agencies. Since then there have been other pilot projects studying the abolition of user fees in the 2000s, but these have not yet had any real influence on public policies, which are often still chaotic. This perplexing situation might be explained more by ideologies and political will than by insufficient financial capacity of states. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 1 | 14% |
Mali | 1 | 14% |
India | 1 | 14% |
South Africa | 1 | 14% |
Senegal | 1 | 14% |
Unknown | 2 | 29% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 4 | 57% |
Scientists | 2 | 29% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 14% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 103 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Master | 27 | 26% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 15 | 15% |
Student > Bachelor | 9 | 9% |
Researcher | 9 | 9% |
Other | 8 | 8% |
Other | 13 | 13% |
Unknown | 22 | 21% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 26 | 25% |
Social Sciences | 19 | 18% |
Economics, Econometrics and Finance | 10 | 10% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 8 | 8% |
Business, Management and Accounting | 4 | 4% |
Other | 16 | 16% |
Unknown | 20 | 19% |