Title |
Parent-reported and clinician-observed autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): implications for practice under DSM-5
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Published in |
Molecular Autism, January 2016
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DOI | 10.1186/s13229-016-0072-1 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Rebecca Grzadzinski, Catherine Dick, Catherine Lord, Somer Bishop |
Abstract |
Children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often present with social difficulties, though the extent to which these clearly overlap with symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is not well understood. We explored parent-reported and directly-observed ASD symptoms on the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) in children referred to ASD-specialty clinics who received diagnoses of either ADHD (n = 48) or ASD (n = 164). Of the ADHD sample, 21 % met ASD cut-offs on the ADOS and 30 % met ASD cut-offs on all domains of the ADI-R. Four social communication ADOS items (Quality of Social Overtures, Unusual Eye Contact, Facial Expressions Directed to Examiner, and Amount of Reciprocal Social Communication) adequately differentiated the groups while none of the items on the ADI-R met the criteria for adequate discrimination. Results of this work highlight the challenges that clinicians and researchers face when distinguishing ASD from other disorders in verbally fluent, school-age children. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 2 | 22% |
United States | 2 | 22% |
Australia | 1 | 11% |
Austria | 1 | 11% |
Canada | 1 | 11% |
Unknown | 2 | 22% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 5 | 56% |
Scientists | 3 | 33% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 1 | 11% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Colombia | 1 | <1% |
United States | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 247 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 33 | 13% |
Student > Master | 31 | 12% |
Student > Bachelor | 29 | 12% |
Researcher | 27 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 19 | 8% |
Other | 46 | 18% |
Unknown | 64 | 26% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 85 | 34% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 29 | 12% |
Neuroscience | 18 | 7% |
Social Sciences | 15 | 6% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 9 | 4% |
Other | 22 | 9% |
Unknown | 71 | 29% |